Mbogoni Margaret
United Nations Statistics Division, 2 United Nations Plaza, Room 1548, New York, NY 10017, USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 2003;25(11-12):644-58. doi: 10.1080/0963828031000137144.
The paper reviews the application of the ICIDH and the ICF in developing countries using data and information available in the United Nations Disability Statistics Database at the United Nations Statistics Division. The focus of the paper is limited to studies carried out in the 1990s and also censuses conducted in the 2000 round of censuses. There are substantial variations between studies in the questions used to identify the population with disabilities, and for most countries, these questions are not based on either the ICIDH or the ICF. Disability status is ascertained mainly through use of impairment screens that include a list of a few severe impairments. Recent studies show use of the ICIDH and also the ICF in the development of questions on disability. This may be attributed mainly to guidelines in the United Nations census recommendations regarding use of the ICIDH framework and terminology to develop the question(s) on disability. Work of the United Nations Statistics Division aimed at improving the international comparability of methods and use of international standards could increase use of the ICF in disability measurement. This includes regional training workshops and also the work of the newly created Washington City Group on Disability Measurement.
本文利用联合国统计司联合国残疾统计数据库中的数据和信息，回顾了《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（ICIDH）和《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（ICF）在发展中国家的应用情况。本文的重点仅限于20世纪90年代开展的研究以及2000年一轮人口普查中进行的普查。在用于识别残疾人群体的问题方面，不同研究之间存在很大差异，而且对于大多数国家来说，这些问题并非基于ICIDH或ICF。残疾状况主要通过使用包括一些严重损伤清单的损伤筛查来确定。近期研究表明，ICIDH以及ICF被用于制定有关残疾的问题。这可能主要归因于联合国人口普查建议中关于使用ICIDH框架和术语来制定残疾问题的指导方针。联合国统计司旨在提高方法的国际可比性和国际标准使用的工作，可能会增加ICF在残疾测量中的使用。这包括区域培训讲习班以及新成立的华盛顿残疾测量城市小组的工作。
