年轻驾驶员的夜间驾驶、客运及碰撞受伤率。
Nighttime driving, passenger transport, and injury crash rates of young drivers.
作者信息
Rice T M, Peek-Asa C, Kraus J F
机构信息
Southern California Injury Prevention Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Public Health, 90024, USA.
出版信息
Inj Prev. 2003 Sep;9(3):245-50. doi: 10.1136/ip.9.3.245.
OBJECTIVE
This study examines the association of nighttime driving and the carrying of passengers with the rate of motor vehicle crashes that resulted in severe or fatal injury to young drivers in California before the implementation of a graduated licensing system.
METHOD
Passenger vehicle drivers aged 16 or 17 involved in injury crashes in California from 1 January 1993 to 30 June 1998 were identified through a police crash database. An induced exposure method was used to estimate driving exposure. Odds ratios for driver injury crashes were estimated with logistic regression.
RESULTS
Driving at night, driving without adult supervision, driving with passengers, using alcohol, being 16, and being male were associated with high rates of driver injury crash.
CONCLUSIONS
The injury crash rate for drivers aged 16 or 17 increases during nighttime hours and in the absence of adult supervision, with or without other passengers. Driving between 10 pm and midnight is particularly dangerous for young drivers. Nighttime driving restrictions that begin at 10 pm or earlier and restrictions on carrying passengers at any hour may increase the effectiveness of graduated licensing systems.
目的
本研究考察在分级驾照制度实施之前，夜间驾驶及搭载乘客与加利福尼亚州年轻驾驶员机动车碰撞事故中导致重伤或致命伤发生率之间的关联。
方法
通过警方碰撞事故数据库识别出1993年1月1日至1998年6月30日期间在加利福尼亚州涉及伤人碰撞事故的16或17岁乘用车驾驶员。采用诱导暴露法估算驾驶暴露量。通过逻辑回归估算驾驶员伤人碰撞事故的比值比。
结果
夜间驾驶、在无成人监管情况下驾驶、搭载乘客驾驶、饮酒、年龄为16岁以及男性与驾驶员伤人碰撞事故的高发生率相关。
结论
16或17岁驾驶员的伤人碰撞事故发生率在夜间以及无成人监管时会增加，无论有无其他乘客。晚上10点至午夜之间驾驶对年轻驾驶员尤其危险。晚上10点或更早开始的夜间驾驶限制以及任何时段的乘客搭载限制可能会提高分级驾照制度的有效性。
Zotero 插件