Aguilar-Madrid Guadalupe, Juárez-Pérez Cuauhtémoc A, Markowitz Steven, Hernández-Avila Mauricio, Sanchez Roman Francisco Raúl, Vázquez Grameix Juan Humberto
Coordinación de Salud en el Trabajo, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional. Distrito Federal, México.
Int J Occup Environ Health. 2003 Jul-Sep;9(3):272-9. doi: 10.1179/oeh.2003.9.3.272.
This study quantified asbestos use in Mexico in the past decade and evaluated available data on mortality due to malignant mesothelioma in Mexico between 1979 and 2000. Mortality data were analyzed from secondary databases of the Mexican Social Security System and the Ministry of Health. Data on the import and export of asbestos in Mexico were obtained from the Ministry of Trade and Industrial Development of Mexico. Deaths due to pleural mesothelioma significantly increased in this period. Although the import of asbestos declined, the number of Mexican products that contain asbestos tripled. Export of Mexican asbestos-containing products to Central America grew rapidly in the last ten years of the study. Mexico continues the appreciable use of asbestos and has experienced a significant increase in the occurrence of the sentinel asbestos-related disease, malignant mesothelioma. Given the many limitations to the control of hazardous work exposures in Mexico, a ban on asbestos is advocated as the most feasible means of limiting an epidemic of asbestos-related disease.
本研究对墨西哥过去十年间的石棉使用情况进行了量化，并评估了1979年至2000年间墨西哥恶性间皮瘤致死的现有数据。死亡率数据来自墨西哥社会保障系统和卫生部的二级数据库。墨西哥石棉进出口数据来自墨西哥贸易和工业发展部。在此期间，胸膜间皮瘤导致的死亡人数显著增加。尽管石棉进口量下降，但含石棉的墨西哥产品数量增至三倍。在研究的最后十年里，墨西哥含石棉产品对中美洲的出口迅速增长。墨西哥继续大量使用石棉，并且与石棉相关的标志性疾病——恶性间皮瘤的发病率显著上升。鉴于墨西哥在控制危险工作暴露方面存在诸多限制，主张将禁止使用石棉作为限制石棉相关疾病流行的最可行手段。
