Benjamin Amos L, Dramoi Veronica
Division of Public Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
P N G Med J. 2002 Sep-Dec;45(3-4):178-84.
Documentation in the past has shown that measles outbreaks occurred in the National Capital District every 3-4 years, with the last outbreak in 1997. In 2001 another outbreak of measles occurred in the National Capital District. A total of 492 cases of measles were recorded during the 6 months (April-September) of a study conducted at the Children's Outpatients Department and the Paediatric Ward of the Port Moresby General Hospital (PMGH). The highest number was recorded in July. 44% of patients were infants less than 12 months of age. 9% of children with measles were under 6 months, the recommended age for vaccination. Only 35% of the children with measles had had their first inoculation and only 11% had received their second inoculation of measles vaccine. During this epidemic, 14.5% of the total attendance of 38,323 children received measles vaccine in the children's outpatients. 72% of children seen with measles at PMGH were admitted to the paediatric ward. Most were admitted because of complications, including severe pneumonia and/or diarrhoea. There were 19 deaths recorded during the 6 months study, a case fatality rate of 4%.
过去的记录显示，首都地区每3至4年就会爆发一次麻疹疫情，上一次疫情发生在1997年。2001年，首都地区再次爆发麻疹疫情。在莫尔斯比港总医院（PMGH）儿童门诊部和儿科病房进行的一项为期6个月（4月至9月）的研究中，共记录了492例麻疹病例。7月份记录的病例数最多。44%的患者为12个月以下的婴儿。9%的麻疹患儿年龄在6个月以下，而这正是推荐的接种疫苗年龄。只有35%的麻疹患儿接种了第一剂疫苗，只有11%的患儿接种了第二剂麻疹疫苗。在此次疫情期间，在儿童门诊部就诊的38323名儿童中，有14.5%接种了麻疹疫苗。在PMGH就诊的麻疹患儿中有72%被收入儿科病房。大多数患儿因并发症入院，包括严重肺炎和/或腹泻。在为期6个月的研究期间，共记录了19例死亡病例，病死率为4%。
