Hammer K A, Carson C F, Riley T V
Discipline of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
J Appl Microbiol. 2003;95(4):853-60. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02059.x.
To investigate the in vitro antifungal activity of the components of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil.
Activity was investigated by broth microdilution and macrodilution, and time kill methods. Components showing the most activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations of < or =0.25%, were terpinen-4-ol, alpha-terpineol, linalool, alpha-pinene and beta-pinene, followed by 1,8-cineole. The remaining components showed slightly less activity and had values ranging from 0.5 to 2%, with the exception of beta-myrcene which showed no detectable activity. Susceptibility data generated for several of the least water-soluble components were two or more dilutions lower by macrodilution, compared with microdilution.
All tea tree oil components, except beta-myrcene, had antifungal activity. The lack of activity reported for some components by microdilution may be due to these components becoming absorbed into the polystyrene of the microtitre tray. This indicates that plastics are unsuitable as assay vessels for tests with these or similar components.
This study has identified that most components of tea tree oil have activity against a range of fungi. However, the measurement of antifungal activity may be significantly influenced by the test method.
研究互叶白千层（茶树）油成分的体外抗真菌活性。
通过肉汤微量稀释法、常量稀释法和时间杀菌法研究活性。最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度≤0.25%的活性最强的成分是萜品-4-醇、α-萜品醇、芳樟醇、α-蒎烯和β-蒎烯，其次是1,8-桉叶素。其余成分活性稍低，数值范围为0.5%至2%，β-月桂烯除外，其未显示出可检测到的活性。与微量稀释法相比，几种水溶性最低的成分通过常量稀释法得出的药敏数据低两个或更多稀释度。
除β-月桂烯外，所有茶树油成分均具有抗真菌活性。微量稀释法报告的某些成分缺乏活性可能是由于这些成分被微量滴定板的聚苯乙烯吸收。这表明塑料不适用于这些或类似成分测试的检测容器。
本研究已确定茶树油的大多数成分对多种真菌具有活性。然而，抗真菌活性的测量可能会受到测试方法的显著影响。
