Blaiss Michael S
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Allergy Asthma Proc. 2003 Jul-Aug;24(4):231-8.
Allergic rhinitis is a highly prevalent, chronic condition. Physicians trained in the care of patients with allergic rhinitis focus on the main management points, which include environmental control, appropriate pharmacologic treatment, and allergen immunotherapy. There are other important aspects in caring for patients with allergic rhinitis that are equally important in achieving the best outcomes for sufferers of allergic rhinitis. Compliance is essential in getting optimal medical management. Issues such as failure to take and improper use of medications as prescribed can lead to dissatisfaction in controlling symptoms. Cost issues must be addressed in management. This condition extracts a high indirect cost due to work absenteeism and school absence. Cost-effective management is fundamental in the proper care of allergic rhinitis. Last, quality of life issues should be considered in the care of the patient with allergic rhinitis. In allergy-specific questionnaires, subjects with allergic rhinitis consistently report lower quality of life than nonallergic controls. Untreated patients are embarrassed and frustrated by their allergy symptoms. Atopic individuals consistently exhibit significant declines in cognitive processing, psychomotor speed, verbal learning, and memory during allergy season. Physicians should consider compliance, cost, and quality of life issues in each and every patient with allergic rhinitis.
变应性鼻炎是一种高度常见的慢性疾病。接受过变应性鼻炎患者护理培训的医生关注主要的管理要点，包括环境控制、适当的药物治疗和变应原免疫疗法。在护理变应性鼻炎患者时，还有其他重要方面，对于实现变应性鼻炎患者的最佳治疗效果同样重要。依从性对于获得最佳医疗管理至关重要。诸如未按规定服药和用药不当等问题可能导致对症状控制的不满意。管理中必须解决费用问题。由于旷工和缺课，这种疾病会产生高昂的间接费用。具有成本效益的管理是变应性鼻炎恰当护理的基础。最后，在护理变应性鼻炎患者时应考虑生活质量问题。在特定变应性疾病问卷中，变应性鼻炎患者始终报告其生活质量低于非变应性对照者。未经治疗的患者会因过敏症状而感到尴尬和沮丧。特应性个体在过敏季节认知加工、精神运动速度、言语学习和记忆方面始终表现出显著下降。医生应在每一位变应性鼻炎患者中考虑依从性、费用和生活质量问题。
