Scallan Samantha
Primary Health Care Education Department, Research and Innovation Centre, King Alfred's, Winchester, UK.
Med Educ. 2003 Oct;37(10):907-12. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01631.x.
To identify and review UK research relating to the effects of patterns of work on the education of junior doctors, describe the trends in the research, contextualise the progress of the UK in reducing the number of hours worked by junior doctors alongside that of other countries and identify areas for future research.
A total of 77 research studies, mostly written after 1995, were identified as relevant from approximately 900 references generated by searching Medline and using a 'snowball' technique. The articles identified were qualitatively reviewed to identify their key research conclusions and/or the main points of argument. These were collated and presented in a qualitative review.
Research in the UK is contradictory regarding the effects of working patterns and the views of doctors towards them. Further research is needed to examine in depth the differences in the effects of working patterns on education between hard-pressed and non hard-pressed specialties, hospitals and regions. When viewed in an international context, the UK ranks among a number of countries with similar medical systems that are moving towards reducing the hours worked by doctors in training, all of which are at different points in the process.
The literature review has helped to identify the popular wisdom surrounding the debate on junior doctors' hours, the progress of the UK when compared to that of other countries and gaps in research. Further research is needed to refine understanding of this area.
识别并综述英国有关工作模式对初级医生教育影响的研究，描述研究趋势，将英国在减少初级医生工作时长方面的进展与其他国家的情况相结合进行背景分析，并确定未来研究的领域。
通过检索医学文献数据库（Medline）并采用“滚雪球”技术，从大约900篇参考文献中确定了77项主要在1995年之后撰写的相关研究。对所确定的文章进行定性综述，以确定其关键研究结论和/或主要论点。这些内容经整理后呈现为一篇定性综述。
英国关于工作模式的影响以及医生对其看法的研究存在矛盾之处。需要进一步研究，以深入考察工作模式对工作压力大与工作压力小的专科、医院和地区的教育影响差异。从国际背景来看，英国与一些医疗体系类似的国家一样，都在朝着减少培训医生工作时长的方向发展，不过各国处于这一进程的不同阶段。
文献综述有助于明确围绕初级医生工作时长辩论的普遍观点、英国与其他国家相比的进展情况以及研究中的空白。需要进一步研究以深化对该领域的理解。
