Petersen W, Rau J, Hansen U, Zantop T, Stein V
Klinik für Orthopädie der CAU, Kiel.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2003 Sep;17(3):118-22. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-42150.
Aim of this study was to analyse the mechanisms of windsurfing injuries. For this purpose we performed a internet based survey among 327 windsurfers in Germany. Overall 630 accidents have been registered among all 327 athletes during the 2000 season. The majority of injuries were classified as minor injury. The most common injury was the bruise. 70 participants reported fractures, 26 participants ruptured a ligament. 280 injuries required medical treatment; in 67 cases even surgical treatment was necessary. The majority of accidents happened at wind power of 5-6 Beaufort after 2 hour exercise. A technical mistake was the most frequent cause for the accident. The most dangerous manoeuvres were difficult jumps (e. g. front loop, backward loop, 70 injuries). In 46 cases the weather conditions were underestimated. Only 10 windsurfers reported about broken material as cause for the injury. One half of the injuries happened in wave conditions. The analysis of injury mechanisms allows conclusions regarding injury prevention. A longer break after 60 minutes windsurfing might help to prevent injuries due to poor physical fitness. After one hour windsurfing without a break training of difficult manoeuvres should not be performed. The use of a helmet might prevent head injuries during training of difficult jumps. "Overpower situations" should be prevented by choosing the right board and sail size.
本研究的目的是分析帆板运动损伤的机制。为此，我们在德国对327名帆板运动员进行了一项基于互联网的调查。在2000赛季，327名运动员共记录了630起事故。大多数损伤被归类为轻伤。最常见的损伤是擦伤。70名参与者报告有骨折，26名参与者韧带断裂。280处损伤需要医疗治疗；其中67例甚至需要手术治疗。大多数事故发生在两小时运动后风力为5 - 6级时。技术失误是事故最常见的原因。最危险的动作是难度较大的跳跃（如前空翻、后空翻，导致70处损伤）。46例中天气状况被低估。只有10名帆板运动员报告器材损坏是受伤原因。一半的损伤发生在有浪的情况下。对损伤机制的分析有助于得出预防损伤的结论。帆板运动60分钟后进行较长时间的休息可能有助于预防因体能不佳导致的损伤。在帆板运动一小时不休息后不应进行难度动作训练。在难度较大的跳跃训练中使用头盔可能预防头部受伤。应通过选择合适的板和帆的尺寸来防止“风力过大情况”。
