Banks T A, Rouse B T
Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-0845.
Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Apr;14(4):933-41. doi: 10.1093/clinids/14.4.933.
Viral persistence depends on the successful avoidance of the host's immunologic surveillance system. This review, which focuses specifically on the herpesviruses, delineates several possible strategies for evading or delaying the immune response. One strategy common to all herpesviruses is the establishment of latency, a state in which the virus may be partially or even completely hidden from the immune system. Other proposed mechanisms of immune evasion include interaction of the virus with components of the humoral immune system, virus-induced modulation of cell-surface recognition structures, and virally mediated interference in antigen processing. Additional strategies include molecular mimicry and the ability of one particular herpesvirus to encode an immunosuppressive cytokine. Although a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms of herpesvirus-mediated immune evasion is currently lacking, future studies should identify those critical interactions between host and virus that may prove amenable to therapeutic intervention.
病毒的持续存在取决于成功避开宿主的免疫监视系统。这篇特别聚焦于疱疹病毒的综述，阐述了几种逃避或延迟免疫反应的可能策略。所有疱疹病毒共有的一种策略是建立潜伏状态，在这种状态下病毒可能部分甚至完全躲避过免疫系统。其他提出的免疫逃避机制包括病毒与体液免疫系统成分的相互作用、病毒诱导的细胞表面识别结构的调节，以及病毒介导的对抗原加工的干扰。额外的策略包括分子模拟以及一种特定疱疹病毒编码免疫抑制细胞因子的能力。尽管目前缺乏对疱疹病毒介导的免疫逃避分子机制的详细了解，但未来的研究应该能确定宿主与病毒之间那些可能适合进行治疗干预的关键相互作用。
