March P A
Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York 10461.
Probl Vet Med. 1992 Jun;4(2):387-404.
The central nervous system links the body's metabolic demands with the neuromuscular act of breathing. Automatic and voluntary control systems function together to adjust ventilation in response to chemical and somatic signals. Excitatory or inhibitory outputs from higher brain centers descend the spinal cord and influence the motoneurons to the respiratory muscles. Lesions at any level can disrupt the normal respiratory pattern and may or may not produce alveolar hypoventilation. Several neurologic diseases of importance in veterinary practice may affect the respiratory system. Ventilatory insufficiency tends to occur late in the progression of these disease. Prompt localization of the lesion and correction of the underlying dysfunction is often critical to patient survival.
中枢神经系统将身体的代谢需求与呼吸的神经肌肉活动联系起来。自动控制系统和自主控制系统共同发挥作用，根据化学和躯体信号来调节通气。来自大脑高级中枢的兴奋性或抑制性输出沿脊髓下行，影响呼吸肌的运动神经元。任何水平的病变都可能扰乱正常的呼吸模式，可能会也可能不会导致肺泡通气不足。兽医临床实践中几种重要的神经系统疾病可能会影响呼吸系统。通气不足往往在这些疾病的进展后期出现。及时定位病变并纠正潜在的功能障碍对患者的生存往往至关重要。
