Brown J E, Kaye S A, Folsom A R
Division of Human Development and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Minneapolis 55455.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992 Sep;16(9):627-31.
Pregnancy is thought to be a major contributor to the excess prevalence of obesity in women compared to men. Pregnancy-related increases in weight are purported to increase the risk that women will develop chronic diseases associated with high body weight. The assertion that pregnancy is associated with permanent weight gain and overweight was examined among 41184 post-menopausal women participating in a population-based study. Women reported lifetime parity, weight at ages 18, 30, 40 and 50 years, and current height. Body weight and body mass index (BMI) increased with age. On average, women gained 11.05 kg, or 0.35 kg per year between the ages of 18 and 50 years. Parity was associated with an increase in body weight from age 18 to 50 years of 0.55 kg per live birth, or 0.09 kg per live birth per year. At each age, women with lifetime parity of one or two live births had lower mean body weight and BMI, and a lower proportion overweight (BMI greater than 27 kg/m2), than either nulliparous women or those with three or more lifetime births. These results indicate a strong association between ageing and weight gain and a weak association between parity and both weight gain and overweight in women.
与男性相比，怀孕被认为是女性肥胖患病率过高的一个主要因素。据称，与怀孕相关的体重增加会增加女性患与高体重相关慢性病的风险。在一项基于人群的研究中，对41184名绝经后女性进行了调查，以检验怀孕与永久性体重增加及超重之间的关系。女性报告了她们一生的生育次数、18岁、30岁、40岁和50岁时的体重以及当前身高。体重和体重指数（BMI）随年龄增长而增加。平均而言，女性在18岁至50岁之间体重增加了11.05千克，即每年增加0.35千克。生育次数与18岁至50岁之间的体重增加有关，每生育一个活产婴儿体重增加0.55千克，即每年每生育一个活产婴儿体重增加0.09千克。在每个年龄段，一生生育一或两个活产婴儿的女性的平均体重和BMI较低，超重（BMI大于27千克/平方米）的比例也低于未生育女性或一生生育三个或更多活产婴儿的女性。这些结果表明，衰老与体重增加之间存在密切关联，而生育次数与女性体重增加及超重之间的关联较弱。
