Sekine S, Hayashi Y, Ando T, Ohta K, Miki T, Okada S
Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1992 Jul;66(7):974-82. doi: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.66.974.
Of 34 non-bacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks which occurred at day-care centers, kindergartens, elementary and secondary schools in Tokyo during the period from February 1985 to June 1991, 28 outbreaks from which small round structured viruses (SRSV) were detected in the patients' stool specimens by electron microscopy were subjected to an epidemiological investigation. The outbreaks tended to occur frequently in the cold season; twenty-two (79%) of these outbreaks from November through April. Though detailed epidemiological informations was not obtained from all outbreaks, the common source of infection were presumed to be present in many of the outbreaks, judged from the incidence as to time course of patients. Food doubted to be incriminated as transmission vehicles in these outbreaks was served at schools, kindergartens, and lodgings. In some outbreaks, SRSV was detected from stool specimens of food handlers, or they were seroconverted to SRSV, suggesting that food was incriminated as a transmission vehicle. The symptoms of patients differ slightly from age to age: in the age range of 0 to 6 years, vomiting 90%, fever 41% and diarrhea 32%; in the 6 to 12 year-olds, nausea 61%, vomiting 48%, abdominal pain 65%, diarrhea 20% and fever 29%; and in the 12 to 15 year-olds, nausea 69%, vomiting 42%, abdominal pain 60%, diarrhea 30% and fever 34%. The lower the age of patient vomiting was more frequently observed. In these lower age groups, the frequency of nausea and vomiting tended to exceed that of diarrhea.
在1985年2月至1991年6月期间于东京的日托中心、幼儿园、中小学发生的34起非细菌性肠胃炎暴发事件中，对28起通过电子显微镜在患者粪便标本中检测出小圆结构病毒（SRSV）的暴发事件进行了流行病学调查。这些暴发事件往往在寒冷季节频繁发生；其中22起（79%）暴发事件发生在11月至次年4月。尽管并非从所有暴发事件中都获取了详细的流行病学信息，但从患者发病时间过程的发生率判断，许多暴发事件推测存在共同感染源。在学校、幼儿园和住宿场所提供了被怀疑是这些暴发事件传播媒介的食物。在一些暴发事件中，从食品处理人员的粪便标本中检测出SRSV，或者他们血清转化为SRSV，这表明食物被认定为传播媒介。患者的症状因年龄而异：在0至6岁年龄组中，呕吐占90%，发热占41%，腹泻占32%；在6至12岁儿童中，恶心占61%，呕吐占48%，腹痛占65%，腹泻占20%，发热占29%；在12至15岁青少年中，恶心占69%，呕吐占42%，腹痛占60%，腹泻占30%，发热占34%。患者年龄越小，呕吐越常出现。在这些低年龄组中，恶心和呕吐的发生率往往超过腹泻。
