Lyttle T W, Haymer D S
Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822.
Genetica. 1992;86(1-3):113-26. doi: 10.1007/BF00133715.
Evidence from in situ hybridizations of DNA from the transposable element hobo to polytene salivary gland chromosome squashes reveals that hobo occupies both cytological breakpoints of three of four endemic inversions sampled from natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster in the Hawaiian islands. The fourth endemic inversion has a single hobo insert at one breakpoint. Cosmopolitan inversions on the same chromosomes do not show this association. Frequencies of both endemic and cosmopolitan inversions in Hawaiian populations fall in ranges typical for natural populations of D. melanogaster sampled worldwide, suggesting that these results may be typical of other regions besides Hawaii. This appears to be the first direct demonstration that transposable elements are responsible for causing specific rearrangements found in nature; consequently, it is also the first direct demonstration that chromosome rearrangements can arise in nature in a manner predicted by results of hybrid dysgenic crosses in the laboratory. Possible population genetic and evolutionary consequences are discussed.
对来自转座因子hobo的DNA与多线唾液腺染色体压片进行原位杂交的证据表明，hobo占据了从夏威夷群岛黑腹果蝇自然种群中采样的四个地方倒位中的三个的细胞学断点。第四个地方倒位在一个断点处有一个单一的hobo插入。同一染色体上的世界性倒位则没有这种关联。夏威夷种群中地方倒位和世界性倒位的频率都落在全球采样的黑腹果蝇自然种群的典型范围内，这表明这些结果可能是夏威夷以外其他地区的典型情况。这似乎是转座因子导致自然界中特定重排的首个直接证据；因此，这也是染色体重排在自然界中以实验室杂种不育杂交结果所预测的方式出现的首个直接证据。文中讨论了可能的群体遗传和进化后果。
