Brasseur P, Kouamouo J, Moyou R S, Druilhe P
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rouen, France.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992;87 Suppl 3:271-3. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000700045.
Based on the results of in vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, quinine and mefloquine, and evaluation of drug consumption conducted in 1987-1988 in four areas in the north and south-west of Cameroon, two opposite situations were encountered in this country. In northern Cameroon where mefloquine resistance is prevalent a close correlation was found between the responses of P. falciparum to mefloquine and to quinine, but not between mefloquine and chloroquine. In the south, where chloroquine resistance is highly prevalent, no correlation was found neither between mefloquine and chloroquine nor mefloquine and quinine, but the responses to quinine and chloroquine appear partly correlated. These results lead to formulate the hypothesis of a "southern" type of P. falciparum submitted to a high chloroquine drug pressure inducing a secondary cross resistance, whilst a "northern" type submitted to a relatively high and abortive quinine drug pressure inducing a primary quinine resistance and a secondary cross resistance with mefloquine.
根据恶性疟原虫对氯喹、奎宁和甲氟喹的体外敏感性结果，以及1987 - 1988年在喀麦隆北部和西南部四个地区进行的药物消费评估，该国出现了两种相反的情况。在甲氟喹耐药性普遍存在的喀麦隆北部，发现恶性疟原虫对甲氟喹和奎宁的反应之间存在密切相关性，但甲氟喹和氯喹之间不存在相关性。在氯喹耐药性高度普遍的南部，甲氟喹与氯喹之间以及甲氟喹与奎宁之间均未发现相关性，但对奎宁和氯喹的反应似乎部分相关。这些结果导致提出这样的假设：“南部”类型的恶性疟原虫受到高氯喹药物压力，诱导产生继发性交叉耐药性；而“北部”类型的恶性疟原虫受到相对较高且无效的奎宁药物压力，诱导产生原发性奎宁耐药性以及与甲氟喹的继发性交叉耐药性。
