Kays D W
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Babies Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 1992 May;1(2):107-14.
Cystic liver lesions in children pose diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. When discovered during evaluation of abdominal distension, the likely cause is benign hepatic cyst. Surgical intervention aimed at resection is highly curative. Echinococcal disease, usually distinguishable from nonparasitic cystic disease, is rare in children in the United States. Therapy is aimed at sterilization and complete excision of hydatid tissue. Cystic liver lesions in septic children represent liver abscesses, pyogenic or amebic, which are frequently fatal if not diagnosed early and treated appropriately. Ultrasonography and computed tomography have simplified the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases, but a high index of suspicion is required because the signs and symptoms of liver abscess in children are nonspecific.
儿童肝脏囊性病变在诊断和治疗上存在两难困境。在评估腹胀过程中发现时，可能病因是良性肝囊肿。旨在切除的手术干预具有很高的治愈率。在美国，棘球蚴病通常可与非寄生虫性囊性疾病区分开来，在儿童中较为罕见。治疗旨在杀灭包虫组织并完全切除。脓毒症患儿的肝脏囊性病变代表肝脓肿，可为化脓性或阿米巴性，如果不及早诊断和适当治疗，往往会致命。超声检查和计算机断层扫描简化了这些疾病的诊断和治疗，但由于儿童肝脓肿的体征和症状不具特异性，因此需要高度的怀疑指数。
