Elbein A D
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 77221.
Trends Biotechnol. 1991 Oct;9(10):346-52. doi: 10.1016/0167-7799(91)90117-z.
N-linked glycoproteins include such biologically important molecules as cell-surface receptors, cell-adhesion molecules, immunoglobulins and other serum proteins, and tumor antigens. Investigating the role of carbohydrate in glycoprotein function has included the use of glycosylation inhibitors or site-directed mutagenesis of specific glycosylation sites to prevent the addition of carbohydrate, or glycosylation processing inhibitors or animal cell glycosylation mutants to alter carbohydrate structure. In some proteins, glycosylation plays an important role in recognition, while in others, it may stabilize and/or control the conformation of the protein. The cloning of genes in bacteria or lower eukaryotes--with the goal of producing biologically active proteins for biotechnological purposes--necessitates a better understanding of the role of specific carbohydrate structures.
N-连接糖蛋白包括细胞表面受体、细胞黏附分子、免疫球蛋白和其他血清蛋白以及肿瘤抗原等具有重要生物学意义的分子。研究碳水化合物在糖蛋白功能中的作用包括使用糖基化抑制剂或对特定糖基化位点进行定点诱变以防止碳水化合物的添加，或使用糖基化加工抑制剂或动物细胞糖基化突变体来改变碳水化合物结构。在某些蛋白质中，糖基化在识别中起重要作用，而在其他蛋白质中，它可能稳定和/或控制蛋白质的构象。为了生物技术目的而在细菌或低等真核生物中克隆基因以生产具有生物活性的蛋白质，需要更好地理解特定碳水化合物结构的作用。
