Lis H, Sharon N
Department of Membrane Research and Biophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Eur J Biochem. 1993 Nov 15;218(1):1-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18347.x.
During the last decade, there have been enormous advances in our knowledge of glycoproteins and the stage has been set for the biotechnological production of many of them for therapeutic use. These advances are reviewed, with special emphasis on the structure and function of the glycoproteins (excluding the proteoglycans). Current methods for structural analysis of glycoproteins are surveyed, as are novel carbohydrate-peptide linking groups, and mono- and oligo-saccharide constituents found in these macromolecules. The possible roles of the carbohydrate units in modulating the physicochemical and biological properties of the parent proteins are discussed, and evidence is presented on their roles as recognition determinants between molecules and cells, or cell and cells. Finally, examples are given of changes that occur in the carbohydrates of soluble and cell-surface glycoproteins during differentiation, growth and malignancy, which further highlight the important role of these substances in health and disease.
在过去十年中，我们对糖蛋白的认识有了巨大进展，为许多糖蛋白的生物技术生产用于治疗奠定了基础。本文对这些进展进行了综述，特别强调了糖蛋白（不包括蛋白聚糖）的结构和功能。综述了目前糖蛋白结构分析的方法，以及这些大分子中发现的新型碳水化合物 - 肽连接基团、单糖和寡糖成分。讨论了碳水化合物单元在调节母体蛋白质的物理化学和生物学性质方面可能发挥的作用，并列举了其作为分子与细胞之间或细胞与细胞之间识别决定因素的证据。最后，给出了在分化、生长和恶性肿瘤过程中可溶性和细胞表面糖蛋白碳水化合物发生变化的实例，进一步突出了这些物质在健康和疾病中的重要作用。
