KRAUSE R M, MCCARTY M
J Exp Med. 1961 Jul 1;114(1):127-40. doi: 10.1084/jem.114.1.127.
Lysis of trypsinized Group A streptococcal cell walls with phage-associated lysin releases into solution dialyzable and non-dialyzable mucopeptide fractions composed of N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylmuramic acid and alanine, glutamic acid, lysine, and glycine in addition to the characteristic group-specific carbohydrate. The latter substance contains appreciable amounts of N-acetylmuramic acid and the amino acids as well as N-acetylglucosamine and rhamnose. Hot formamide extraction of the cell walls results in a soluble fraction of group-specific carbohydrate and an insoluble residue. The Group A carbohydrate in this instance is composed of rhamnose and N-acetylglucosamine. The composition of the insoluble residue is similar to that of the mucopeptide fractions released from the cell wall by phage-associated lysin. This residue was shown by electron microscopy to be composed of discrete discs which appear similar in structure to the intact cell wall. The specific carbohydrate obtained by hot formamide extraction of Group A-variant cell walls was composed almost exclusively of rhamnose. The residue fraction was similar to that of Group A. The residue of cell walls extracted with hot formamide is extensively solubilized not only by phage-associated lysin and S. albus enzyme, but also by lysozyme, which has no measurable effect on the intact streptococcal cell wall.
用噬菌体相关溶素裂解经胰蛋白酶处理的A组链球菌细胞壁，会释放出可透析和不可透析的粘肽组分到溶液中，这些组分除了特征性的群特异性碳水化合物外，还由N - 乙酰葡糖胺、N - 乙酰胞壁酸以及丙氨酸、谷氨酸、赖氨酸和甘氨酸组成。后一种物质含有相当数量的N - 乙酰胞壁酸、氨基酸以及N - 乙酰葡糖胺和鼠李糖。细胞壁经热甲酰胺提取后产生群特异性碳水化合物的可溶部分和不溶残渣。在这种情况下，A组碳水化合物由鼠李糖和N - 乙酰葡糖胺组成。不溶残渣的组成与通过噬菌体相关溶素从细胞壁释放的粘肽组分相似。通过电子显微镜观察发现，该残渣由离散的圆盘组成，其结构似乎与完整的细胞壁相似。通过热甲酰胺提取A组变异细胞壁获得的特异性碳水化合物几乎完全由鼠李糖组成。残渣部分与A组的相似。用热甲酰胺提取的细胞壁残渣不仅能被噬菌体相关溶素和白色链霉菌酶大量溶解，也能被溶菌酶溶解，而溶菌酶对完整的链球菌细胞壁没有可测量的影响。
