迷迭香活性成分的抗氧化与促氧化特性：鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚。

Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of active rosemary constituents: carnosol and carnosic acid.

Aruoma O I, Halliwell B, Aeschbach R, Löligers J

Biochemistry Department, University of London, King's College, UK.

Xenobiotica. 1992 Feb;22(2):257-68. doi: 10.3109/00498259209046624.

Abstract

Carnosol and carnosic acid have been suggested to account for over 90% of the antioxidant properties of rosemary extract. 2. Purified carnosol and carnosic acid are powerful inhibitors of lipid peroxidation in microsomal and liposomal systems, more effective than propyl gallate. 3. Carnosol and carnosic acid are good scavengers of peroxyl radicals (CCl3O2.) generated by pulse radiolysis, with calculated rate constants of 1-3 x 10(6) M-1 s-1 and 2.7 x 10(7) M-1 s-1 respectively. 4. Carnosic acid reacted with HOCl in such a way as to protect the protein alpha 1-antiproteinase against inactivation. 5. Both carnosol and carnosic acid stimulated DNA damage in the bleomycin assay but they scavenged hydroxyl radicals in the deoxyribose assay. The calculated rate constants for reaction with .OH in the deoxyribose system for carnosol and carnosic acid were 8.7 x 10(10) M-1 s-1 and 5.9 x 10(10) M-1 s-1 respectively. 6. Carnosic acid appears to scavenge H2O2, but it could also act as a substrate for the peroxidase system. 7. Carnosic acid and carnosol reduce cytochrome c but with a rate constant significantly lower than that of O2(-.).

摘要

已表明鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚占迷迭香提取物抗氧化特性的90%以上。2. 纯化的鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚是微粒体和脂质体系统中脂质过氧化的强力抑制剂，比没食子酸丙酯更有效。3. 鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚是脉冲辐射分解产生的过氧自由基（CCl3O2.）的良好清除剂，计算得出的速率常数分别为1 - 3×10(6) M-1 s-1和2.7×10(7) M-1 s-1。4. 鼠尾草酚以保护蛋白质α1-抗蛋白酶不被灭活的方式与次氯酸反应。5. 在博来霉素试验中，鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚均刺激DNA损伤，但在脱氧核糖试验中它们清除羟自由基。在脱氧核糖系统中，鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚与·OH反应的计算速率常数分别为8.7×10(10) M-1 s-1和5.9×10(10) M-1 s-1。6. 鼠尾草酚似乎能清除过氧化氢，但它也可能作为过氧化物酶系统的底物。7. 鼠尾草酚和鼠尾草酸能还原细胞色素c，但速率常数明显低于超氧阴离子（O2(-.)）的速率常数。