Houfek J F
University of Nebraska, College of Nursing, Omaha.
Nurs Res. 1992 Sep-Oct;41(5):280-5.
The purpose of this exploratory study was to describe the dimensions of 17 nursing care episodes as perceived by nurses. The episodes represented recurrent nursing care situations in the postoperative period. Nineteen nurses judged the dissimilarity of all possible pairs of the episodes. An additional 14 nurses rated each episode on 10 attribute scales. Multidimensional scaling (MDS), was used to analyze nurses' dissimilarity judgments. A three-dimensional MDS configuration, which accounted for 51% of the variance of nurses' optimally scaled data, was chosen to describe the structure of the episodes. To interpret the dimensions of the MDS configuration objectively, multiple regression was used to correlate the attributes, one at a time, with the coordinates of the episodes in the configuration. The dimensions of the MDS configuration were interpreted as (a) the degree of independence patients could achieve in the episodes, (b) the nursing knowledge or skill needed in the episodes, and (c) the degree to which nurses could individualize the episodes for patients. Information obtained from the MDS analysis can be used to help nurses (a) explicitly evaluate and communicate their expectations for patients regarding activities to promote independence and (b) better articulate the specialized knowledge and skills needed to provide nursing care.
这项探索性研究的目的是描述护士所感知的17个护理事件的维度。这些事件代表了术后时期反复出现的护理情况。19名护士对所有可能的事件对之间的差异进行了评判。另外14名护士在10个属性量表上对每个事件进行了评分。使用多维标度法（MDS）分析护士的差异判断。选择了一个占护士最优标度数据方差51%的三维MDS构型来描述这些事件的结构。为了客观地解释MDS构型的维度，使用多元回归将属性一次一个地与构型中事件的坐标相关联。MDS构型的维度被解释为：（a）患者在事件中能够实现的独立程度；（b）事件中所需的护理知识或技能；（c）护士能够为患者将事件个性化的程度。从MDS分析中获得的信息可用于帮助护士：（a）明确评估并传达他们对患者在促进独立活动方面的期望；（b）更好地阐明提供护理所需的专业知识和技能。
