Costa T H, Dorea J G
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brazil.
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1992;12(2):203-9. doi: 10.1080/02724936.1992.11747569.
Energy, protein, lactose and fat were studied in the milk of mothers who were using different types of contraceptives. One hundred and eleven mothers made up the following groups. C: control (barrier and natural methods, or sterilization), n = 22; combined pill: LDP (low dose pill (levonorgestrel 0.15 mg + ethinylestradiol 0.03 mg)), n = 12 and MDP (medium dose pill (levonorgestrel 0.25 mg + ethinylestradiol 0.05 mg)), n = 13; MP (minipill (norethindrone 0.35 mg)), n = 37; DMPA (injectable progesterone (depot medroxiprogesterone acetate 150 mg)), n = 17; and IUD (plastic or copper intrauterine device), n = 10. The mean stages of lactation were, respectively, 15, 17, 5, 9, 5 and 9 weeks. The mean duration of observation for the study groups ranged from 2 to 4 weeks. Milk samples were collected before and after initiation of treatment (mean = 20 days; range = 14-103 days). The stage of lactation and the interval of nursing before sampling were recorded so that statistical account could be taken of these uncontrollable sources of variability. When incorporated as covariates, they showed that no significant differences existed between the groups tested, either before or after treatment.
对使用不同类型避孕药的母亲的乳汁中的能量、蛋白质、乳糖和脂肪进行了研究。111名母亲组成了以下几组。C组：对照组（屏障避孕法和自然避孕法，或绝育），n = 22；复方口服避孕药：低剂量复方口服避孕药（LDP，左炔诺孕酮0.15毫克+炔雌醇0.03毫克），n = 12和中剂量复方口服避孕药（MDP，左炔诺孕酮0.25毫克+炔雌醇0.05毫克），n = 13；迷你避孕丸（MP，炔诺酮0.35毫克），n = 37；醋酸甲羟孕酮注射剂（DMPA，长效醋酸甲羟孕酮150毫克），n = 17；以及宫内节育器（塑料或铜质宫内节育器），n = 10。哺乳的平均阶段分别为15、17、5、9、5和9周。研究组的平均观察持续时间为2至4周。在治疗开始前和开始后采集乳汁样本（平均 = 20天；范围 = 14 - 103天）。记录了采样前的哺乳阶段和哺乳间隔，以便在统计时考虑这些不可控的变异来源。当作为协变量纳入时，结果显示在治疗前和治疗后，测试组之间均不存在显著差异。
