LANGRIDGE W P, KERNAGHAN R J, GLOVER P E
Bull World Health Organ. 1963;28(5-6):671-701.
In this survey of recent ecological research on the main vectors of trypanosomiasis in those countries of East, Central and West Africa that are not predominantly French-speaking, the authors, after outlining the distribution of tsetse flies and the type of country in which they occur, discuss the direct and indirect effects of climate on these insects-particularly on their physiological water balance and on pupal fat reserves-and their recent advances into new areas. They review the considerable work that has been done on the resting habits and breeding-sites of different Glossina species, knowledge of which is important for effective control, and research on predators of pupae and adult flies and on the feeding activity of tsetse flies. Means of assessing populations and various factors affecting the size and nutritional status of tsetse flies are also discussed, as is the effect on the fly population of artificial changes in the habitat. Finally, a plea is made for a revision of present methods of land use and stock management, if full advantage is to be taken of achievements in fly control.
在本次对东非、中非和西非那些并非主要讲法语国家的锥虫病主要传播媒介近期生态学研究的调查中，作者在概述采采蝇的分布及其所出现国家的类型之后，讨论了气候对这些昆虫的直接和间接影响——特别是对它们生理水平衡和蛹期脂肪储备的影响——以及它们近期向新区域的扩散情况。他们回顾了在不同采采蝇种类的栖息习性和繁殖地方面所做的大量工作，了解这些对于有效控制至关重要，还回顾了对蛹和成虫的捕食者以及采采蝇取食活动的研究。文中还讨论了评估采采蝇种群数量的方法以及影响采采蝇种群规模和营养状况的各种因素，以及栖息地人为变化对采采蝇种群的影响。最后，作者呼吁，如果要充分利用采采蝇控制方面的成果，就应对目前的土地利用和牲畜管理方法进行修订。
