Mozenter R H, Kurtz R M
Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130.
Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1992 Jul;40(3):169-79. doi: 10.1080/00207149208409655.
The present study of prospective time estimation examined the effects of hypnosis on short time intervals using a real-simulator design. The major hypothesis predicted a 2-way interaction between group (high hypnotizable, low hypnotizable, and simulator) and condition (waking and hypnotic) across all 4 time intervals (30, 60, 120, and 240 seconds). It was further hypothesized that on a "suggested" task (a measure of hypnotic depth), high hypnotizable Ss and simulators would not differ from each other but would differ from low hypnotizable Ss. 42 undergraduates were screened on both the Creative Imagination Scale (Wilson & Barber, 1977) and the Stanford Hypnotic Clinical Scale for Adults (Morgan & J. R. Hilgard, 1975, 1979) and assigned to 1 of 3 groups (high hypnotizable, low hypnotizable, simulator) based on combined hypnotizability scores. Ss verbally estimated time intervals of 30, 60, 120, and 240 seconds, 3 times each, both while in a waking and a hypnotic condition. Hypnotic depth was assessed once following each time interval. Partial support was found for the first hypothesis where, for both the 60- and 120-second intervals, high hypnotizable Ss increased their overestimation in the hypnotic condition. Low hypnotizable and simulator Ss showed no such increase. The second hypothesis, that high hypnotizable and simulator Ss would differ from low hypnotizables on the "suggested" task, was confirmed. The partial replication of previous research was examined in the context of choice of hypnotizability measure and reliability of time estimation.
本前瞻性时间估计研究采用真实模拟器设计，考察了催眠对短时间间隔的影响。主要假设预测，在所有4个时间间隔（30秒、60秒、120秒和240秒）内，组（高催眠易感性组、低催眠易感性组和模拟器组）与状态（清醒和催眠）之间存在双向交互作用。进一步假设，在一项“暗示”任务（催眠深度的一种测量方法）中，高催眠易感性的被试和模拟器组之间不会有差异，但会与低催眠易感性的被试不同。42名本科生接受了创造性想象量表（威尔逊和巴伯，1977年）和斯坦福成人催眠临床量表（摩根和J.R.希尔加德，1975年、1979年）的测试，并根据综合催眠易感性得分被分配到3组（高催眠易感性组、低催眠易感性组、模拟器组）中的一组。被试在清醒和催眠状态下，分别对30秒、60秒、120秒和240秒的时间间隔进行3次口头估计。每次时间间隔后评估一次催眠深度。第一个假设得到了部分支持，即在60秒和120秒的时间间隔内，高催眠易感性的被试在催眠状态下高估程度增加。低催眠易感性和模拟器组的被试没有出现这种增加。第二个假设，即高催眠易感性和模拟器组的被试在“暗示”任务上与低催眠易感性的被试不同，得到了证实。在催眠易感性测量方法的选择和时间估计的可靠性背景下，对先前研究的部分重复进行了考察。
