Hollander W, Prusty S, Kirkpatrick B, Paddock J, Nagraj S
Circ Res. 1977 May;40(5 Suppl 1):I70-83.
The role of hypertension in cardiovascular disease was studied in the hypertensive coarcted monkey during the feeding of an atherogenic and nonatherogenic diet. During the 15-month period of observation, half of the hypertensive coarcted monkeys developed cardiovascular disease which included heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and sudden death. There were no cardiovascular complications in the control normotensive monkeys except for one cholesterol-fed animal. The incidence of ischemic heart disease and sudden cardiac death was higher in monkeys with both hypertension and hypercholesterolemia than in those with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia alone. Postmortem studies revealed that the former monkeys had both hypertensive and atherosclerotic heart disease, whereas the monkeys with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia had either hypertensive or atherosclerotic heart disease. Hypertensive heart disease was characterized not only by hypertrophy of the left ventricle but also by focal myocardial degeneration and fibrosis and by focal thickening and narrowing of the small coronary arteries, particularly the sinus node artery and the atrioventricular node artery. The finding of transmural myocardial infarction in two monkeys with patient coronary arteries suggests a possible role of coronary artery spasm in ischemic heart disease in hypertension. The cerebral vascular complications of hypertension included hypertensive encephalopathy, transient "ischemic" attacks, and hemorrhagic stroke. The complications were associated with severe hypertension and with hypertensive vascular disease or hypertensive and atherosclerotic vascular disease of the cerebral arteries.
在给患高血压的缩窄性猴喂食致动脉粥样硬化和非致动脉粥样硬化饮食期间，研究了高血压在心血管疾病中的作用。在15个月的观察期内，一半患高血压的缩窄性猴出现了心血管疾病，包括心力衰竭、缺血性心脏病、中风和猝死。除了一只喂食胆固醇的动物外，对照正常血压的猴没有心血管并发症。同时患有高血压和高胆固醇血症的猴中，缺血性心脏病和心源性猝死的发生率高于仅患有高血压或高胆固醇血症的猴。尸检研究显示，前一组猴既有高血压性心脏病又有动脉粥样硬化性心脏病，而患有高血压或高胆固醇血症的猴只有高血压性心脏病或动脉粥样硬化性心脏病。高血压性心脏病的特征不仅是左心室肥厚，还包括局灶性心肌变性和纤维化，以及小冠状动脉尤其是窦房结动脉和房室结动脉的局灶性增厚和狭窄。在两只患有明显冠状动脉病变的猴中发现透壁性心肌梗死，提示冠状动脉痉挛在高血压缺血性心脏病中可能起作用。高血压的脑血管并发症包括高血压脑病、短暂性“缺血性”发作和出血性中风。这些并发症与严重高血压以及脑动脉的高血压性血管疾病或高血压和动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病有关。
