Kramsch D M, Aspen A J, Abramowitz B M, Kreimendahl T, Hood W B
N Engl J Med. 1981 Dec 17;305(25):1483-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198112173052501.
All available evidence that exercise may protect against coronary heart disease is circumstantial, and direct evidence is difficult to obtain in human beings. Therefore, we studied the effect of moderate conditioning with treadmill exercise on developing coronary-artery disease in monkeys on an atherogenic diet. Physical training was demonstrated by slow heart rates. Serum total cholesterol was the same (approximately 600 mg per deciliter or 15.5 mmol per liter) in exercising and non-exercising monkeys, with significantly higher high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and much lower triglyceride and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) plus very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride in the exercise group. Ischemic electrocardiographic changes, angiographic signs of coronary-artery narrowing, and sudden death were observed only in non-conditioned monkeys, in which post-mortem examination revealed marked coronary atherosclerosis and stenoses. Exercise was associated with substantially reduced overall atherosclerotic involvement, lesion size, and collagen accumulation; it also produced much larger hearts and wider coronary arteries, further reducing the degree of luminal narrowing. Our data suggest that moderate exercise may prevent or retard coronary heart disease in primates.
所有关于运动可能预防冠心病的现有证据都是间接的，在人体中很难获得直接证据。因此，我们研究了在喂食致动脉粥样化饮食的猴子中，适度的跑步机运动调节对冠状动脉疾病发展的影响。心率减缓证明了体能训练的效果。运动组和非运动组猴子的血清总胆固醇水平相同（约每分升600毫克或每升15.5毫摩尔），但运动组的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇显著更高，甘油三酯以及低密度脂蛋白（LDL）加极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）甘油三酯则低得多。仅在未进行运动调节的猴子中观察到缺血性心电图变化、冠状动脉狭窄的血管造影迹象和猝死，尸检显示这些猴子有明显的冠状动脉粥样硬化和狭窄。运动与总体动脉粥样硬化累及程度、病变大小和胶原积累的大幅减少相关；运动还使心脏更大、冠状动脉更宽，进一步降低了管腔狭窄程度。我们的数据表明，适度运动可能预防或延缓灵长类动物的冠心病。
