Wilson A, Weinstein L
New School for Social Research, Graduate Faculty, Division of Clinical Psychology, New York, NY 10003.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1992;40(3):725-59. doi: 10.1177/000306519204000304.
This paper follows our previous one, where we described a psychoanalytic conception of language, thought, and internalization that is informed by the thinking of Lev Vygotsky. Here, several aspects of the analytic process which allow for the understanding of ineffable experiences in the analysand's history and the analytic situation are investigated: specifically, primal repression, metaphor, and the role of speech in free association. It is suggested that Freud's notion of primal repression be revived and redefined as one aspect of the descriptive unconscious. Some implications of primal repression for transference and resistance are explored. The metaphoric in its broad sense is examined as one example of how early dynamic experiences embedded in the process of language acquisition can be reached within the clinical situation. It is proposed that an understanding of free association is enhanced by awareness of distinctions between inner, egocentric, and social speech. The basic rule can be interpreted as an invitation for the analysand to use inner speech in collaboration with the analyst as best he or she can. Further, the aliveness and degree of superficiality of the analysis can be seen as a function of the analyst's ability to appreciate the properties of inner speech and foster the conditions in the analysis that allow for its unfolding.
本文延续了我们之前的研究，在之前的研究中，我们描述了一种受列夫·维果茨基思想启发的关于语言、思维和内化的精神分析概念。在此，我们研究了分析过程的几个方面，这些方面有助于理解分析对象的经历和分析情境中难以言表的体验：具体而言，原始压抑、隐喻以及言语在自由联想中的作用。我们建议复兴并重新定义弗洛伊德的原始压抑概念，将其作为描述性无意识的一个方面。我们探讨了原始压抑对移情和阻抗的一些影响。广义上的隐喻被视为一个例子，说明在临床情境中如何触及语言习得过程中所蕴含的早期动态体验。我们提出，通过意识到内心言语、自我中心言语和社会言语之间的区别，可以加深对自由联想的理解。基本规则可以被解释为邀请分析对象尽可能与分析师协作使用内心言语。此外，分析的活力和表面化程度可以被视为分析师理解内心言语特性并在分析中营造允许其展开的条件的能力的一种体现。
