DEAN D J, BAER G M, THOMPSON W R
Bull World Health Organ. 1963;28(4):477-86.
Local treatment of wounds infected with rabies virus is a valuable adjunct to the use of antiserum, vaccine or both in preventing disease. In the absence of effective chemotherapeutic agents for systemic use, improved treatment awaits a better understanding of the fate of virus at the site of exposure and of the method of spread to the central nervous system.The studies on experimental animals reported in this paper serve further to evaluate methodology in treatment; to evaluate the effectiveness of various substances, including antirabies serum, soap and benzalkonium chloride; and to explore the possible role of blocking agents in preventing rabies. The results obtained provide further evidence of the importance of first-aid procedures. Certain oil-based local anaesthetics, almond oil, benzyl alcohol and benzalkonium chloride, interfere with motor function and exert a marked sparing effect when inoculated intramuscularly above the site of infection; aqueous or saline-based local anaesthetics and saline do not interfere and fail to protect. The role of blocking agents, if any, in preventing rabies in man is unknown.
对感染狂犬病病毒的伤口进行局部处理，是在预防疾病过程中使用抗血清、疫苗或两者兼用的重要辅助手段。由于缺乏有效的全身用化疗药物，改善治疗方法有待于更深入了解病毒在暴露部位的转归以及向中枢神经系统扩散的途径。本文报道的对实验动物的研究，有助于进一步评估治疗方法；评估包括抗狂犬病血清、肥皂和苯扎氯铵在内的各种物质的有效性；并探索阻断剂在预防狂犬病方面可能发挥的作用。所获得的结果进一步证明了急救程序的重要性。某些油基局部麻醉剂、杏仁油、苯甲醇和苯扎氯铵，会干扰运动功能，在感染部位上方进行肌肉注射时能发挥显著的保护作用；水性或盐基局部麻醉剂及盐水则无此干扰作用，也无法起到保护作用。阻断剂在预防人类狂犬病方面（如果有作用的话）的作用尚不清楚。
