Savory M A
School of Psychology, University of Wales, College of Cardiff, UK.
Neuropsychobiology. 1992;25(3):153-60. doi: 10.1159/000118826.
This paper provides an appraisal of the results published from the MRC Common Cold Unit on human performance efficiency during minor upper respiratory tract infection, i.e., colds and influenza. Despite strict controls employed in the methods of data collection, the robustness of the results and some of the conclusions drawn are questioned. In particular, the claim that colds and influenza lead to selective (and different) effects is criticised as being based on incomplete data. The lack of replication, the small sample sizes, possible response biases and use of controls are considered. Overall, it is argued that there are insufficient data to provide conclusive evidence for selective effects and that over-generalisation from such studies can be misleading.
本文对医学研究委员会普通感冒研究所在轻微上呼吸道感染（即感冒和流感）期间人体机能效率方面发表的研究结果进行了评估。尽管在数据收集方法上采取了严格的控制措施，但研究结果的可靠性以及由此得出的一些结论仍受到质疑。特别是，关于感冒和流感会产生选择性（且不同）影响的说法，因其所依据的数据不完整而受到批评。文中还考虑了研究缺乏重复性、样本量小、可能存在的反应偏差以及对照的使用等问题。总体而言，有人认为现有数据不足以提供关于选择性影响的确凿证据，并且此类研究的过度概括可能会产生误导。
