Chornock W M, Stitzer M L, Gross J, Leischow S
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1992;108(4):495-500. doi: 10.1007/BF02247427.
This study used a short-term laboratory model of smoking cessation and relapse to prospectively examine the effects of programmed self-administered smoking re-exposure during early abstinence. Sixty-seven subjects who had quit smoking for 3 days were randomly assigned either to smoke five cigarettes in their natural environment or to remain abstinent during the exposure period. The main hypothesis, that relapse to regular smoking would be quicker and more prevalent in exposed subjects, was supported. All exposed subjects had relapsed by 2 days post-exposure while 16% of unexposed subjects remained continuously abstinent throughout the 8 day study. This behavioral effect was seen in spite of acute decreases in reported desire to smoke and increases in guilt measured just after exposure. The study supports a role for stimulus re-exposure effects in the relapse process and suggests that additional research on experimental re-exposure is warranted.
本研究采用戒烟与复吸的短期实验室模型，前瞻性地考察早期戒断期间程序化自我给药式吸烟再暴露的效果。67名已戒烟3天的受试者被随机分为两组，一组在其自然环境中吸5支烟，另一组在暴露期间保持戒烟状态。主要假设，即暴露组受试者恢复规律吸烟的速度更快且更普遍，得到了支持。所有暴露组受试者在暴露后2天内均已复吸，而在为期8天的研究中，16%的未暴露组受试者持续保持戒烟状态。尽管在暴露后即刻报告的吸烟欲望急剧下降且内疚感增加，但仍观察到这种行为效应。该研究支持刺激再暴露效应在复吸过程中的作用，并表明有必要对实验性再暴露进行更多研究。
