Smoking relapse situations: a preliminary typology.

This paper presents a preliminary attempt to develop a typology of smoking relapse episodes based on cluster analysis. Descriptions of relapse or near-relapse episodes were collected from 183 ex-smokers. Cluster analysis of 53 cases revealed five clusters in two groups distinguished by a positive (Type I) versus negative (Type II) affective tone. Type Ia situations involve drinking alcohol with others who are smoking. Type Ib situations are associated with relaxation. Type Ic episodes are associated with withdrawal symptoms. Type IIa situations involve anxiety related to work stress. Type IIb episodes occur when the ex-smoker is inactive and bored. Type Ia situations are associated with less behavioral coping and more relapse than the others.