Rising R, Keys A, Ravussin E, Bogardus C
Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona 85016.
Am J Physiol. 1992 Oct;263(4 Pt 1):E730-4. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1992.263.4.E730.
There is significant variation in metabolic rate in humans, independent of differences in body size, body composition, age, and gender. Although it has been generally held that the normal human "set-point" body temperature is 37 degrees C, these interindividual variations in metabolic rate also suggest possible variations in body temperature. To examine the possibility of correlations between metabolic rate and body temperature, triplicate measurements of oral temperatures were made before and after measurement of 24-h energy expenditure in a respiratory chamber in 23 Pima Indian men. Fasting oral temperatures varied more between individuals than can be attributed to methodological errors or intraindividual variation. Oral temperatures correlated with sleeping (r = 0.80, P < 0.0001), and 24-h (r = 0.48, P < 0.02) metabolic rates adjusted for differences in body size, body composition, and age. Similarly, in the 32 Caucasian men of the Minnesota Semi-Starvation Study, oral temperature correlated with adjusted metabolic rate, and the interindividual differences in body temperature were maintained throughout semistarvation and refeeding. These results suggest that a low body temperature and a low metabolic rate might be two signs of an obesity-prone syndrome in humans.
人类的代谢率存在显著差异，与体型、身体成分、年龄和性别差异无关。尽管人们普遍认为正常人体的“设定点”体温为37摄氏度，但这些个体间代谢率的差异也表明体温可能存在变化。为了研究代谢率与体温之间的相关性，对23名皮马印第安男性在呼吸室内测量24小时能量消耗前后进行了三次口腔温度测量。空腹时口腔温度的个体间差异大于测量方法误差或个体内差异所能解释的范围。调整体型、身体成分和年龄差异后的口腔温度与睡眠代谢率（r = 0.80，P < 0.0001）和24小时代谢率（r = 0.48，P < 0.02）相关。同样，在明尼苏达半饥饿研究的32名白人男性中，口腔温度与调整后的代谢率相关，并且在整个半饥饿和再喂养过程中，体温的个体间差异保持不变。这些结果表明，低体温和低代谢率可能是人类易患肥胖综合征的两个迹象。
