名人感染艾滋病病毒的信息披露：其对公众态度的影响。
The disclosure of celebrity HIV infection: its effects on public attitudes.
作者信息
Kalichman S C, Hunter T L
机构信息
Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Sciences, Milwaukee 53226.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1992 Oct;82(10):1374-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.82.10.1374.
OBJECTIVES
Despite the magnitude of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, studies have shown low levels of public concern about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS. We investigated the effects of celebrity disclosure of HIV infection on the AIDS-related perceptions of urban men.
METHODS
Measures of AIDS-related perceptions were collected from 361 men waiting for mass transportation in downtown Chicago; 252 were assessed at three time points prior to and 109 were assessed at two time points after professional basketball star Earvin "Magic" Johnson's disclosure of his HIV infection.
RESULTS
Significant increases in concern about AIDS, interest in AIDS information, and talking with friends about AIDS occurred after celebrity disclosure of HIV infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Celebrity disclosure of HIV seropositivity demonstrated a marked change in AIDS-related perceptions among the men surveyed. Changes in awareness due to celebrity disclosure may lead to increased readiness to reduce risk and could be viewed as a window of opportunity for HIV prevention efforts.
目的
尽管获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）疫情规模巨大，但研究表明公众对人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/艾滋病的关注度较低。我们调查了名人公开感染HIV对城市男性艾滋病相关认知的影响。
方法
从芝加哥市中心等待公共交通的361名男性中收集艾滋病相关认知的测量数据；在职业篮球明星埃尔文·“魔术师”·约翰逊公开其HIV感染之前的三个时间点对252人进行了评估，在公开之后的两个时间点对109人进行了评估。
结果
名人公开感染HIV后，对艾滋病的关注度、对艾滋病信息的兴趣以及与朋友谈论艾滋病的情况均显著增加。
结论
名人公开HIV血清阳性表明，接受调查的男性在艾滋病相关认知方面有显著变化。名人公开导致的认知变化可能会使人们更愿意降低风险，并且可以被视为艾滋病预防工作的一个机会窗口。
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