DEIBEL R H, KVETKAS M J
J Bacteriol. 1964 Oct;88(4):858-64. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.4.858-864.1964.
Deibel, R. H. (American Meat Institute Foundation, Chicago, Ill.), and M. J. Kvetkas. Fumarate reduction and its role in the diversion of glucose fermentation by Streptococcus faecalis. J. Bacteriol. 88:858-864. 1964.-Fumarate diverts the normal fermentation of glucose by Streptococcus faecalis FB82, as shown by the production of increased amounts of CO(2), formate, acetate, and acetoin, and decreased formation of lactate and ethanol. Experiments with d-glucose-1-C(14), in which low levels of labeled CO(2) were recovered, indicated that C-1 cleavage of the glucose molecule was not involved. The presence of fumarate afforded consistently larger cell crops in growth studies with glucose and other energy sources. On a molar growth-yield basis, anaerobically grown, glucose-fumarate cultures were equivalent to aerobically grown, glucose cultures. The reduction of fumarate by cell suspensions indicated that glucose, gluconate, and, to a lesser extent, glycerol and mannitol could serve as hydrogen donors. Several common metabolic inhibitors had no effect upon the fumarate reductase system in cell suspensions, although some sensitivity to acidic pH was noted. Significant levels of succinate oxidation activity were not detected. Fumarate reductase activity was demonstrated in all five S. faecalis strains tested. Distribution of this ability in S. faecium strains was variable, ranging from activity comparable with that of S. faecalis to total inactivity. The observations support the conclusion that fumarate functions as an alternate hydrogen acceptor, thus allowing pyruvate to participate in the energy-yielding phosphoroclastic and dismutation pathways.
戴贝尔，R. H.（美国肉类研究所基金会，伊利诺伊州芝加哥），以及M. J. 克韦卡斯。粪肠球菌中富马酸盐还原及其在葡萄糖发酵转向中的作用。《细菌学杂志》88:858 - 864。1964年。——如所显示的，富马酸盐使粪肠球菌FB82的正常葡萄糖发酵发生转向，表现为二氧化碳、甲酸盐、乙酸盐和3 - 羟基丁酮产量增加，乳酸和乙醇形成减少。用d - 葡萄糖 - 1 - C¹⁴进行的实验中，回收的标记二氧化碳水平较低，表明葡萄糖分子的C - 1裂解未参与其中。在以葡萄糖和其他能源进行的生长研究中，富马酸盐的存在始终能产生更大的细胞量。以摩尔生长产量为基础，厌氧培养的葡萄糖 - 富马酸盐培养物与需氧培养的葡萄糖培养物相当。细胞悬液对富马酸盐的还原表明，葡萄糖、葡萄糖酸盐，以及程度稍低的甘油和甘露醇都可作为氢供体。几种常见的代谢抑制剂对细胞悬液中的富马酸盐还原酶系统没有影响，不过注意到对酸性pH有一定敏感性。未检测到显著水平的琥珀酸盐氧化活性。在所测试的所有五株粪肠球菌菌株中都证明了富马酸盐还原酶活性。这种能力在屎肠球菌菌株中的分布是可变的，从与粪肠球菌相当的活性到完全无活性。这些观察结果支持了富马酸盐作为替代氢受体起作用的结论，从而使丙酮酸能够参与产生能量的磷酸解和歧化途径。
