Victora C G, Huttly S R, Fuchs S C, Nobre L C, Barros F C
Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1992 Sep;381:7-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12364.x.
In a population-based study, all infant deaths occurring in a one-year period in the metropolitan areas of Porto Alegre and Pelotas, in southern Brazil, were studied. There were 227 infants who presented diarrhoea during the fatal illness, and in 75% of these diarrhoea was considered to be the underlying cause of death. Acute diarrhoea (< 14 days' duration) accounted for 28% of the deaths, persistent diarrhoea for 62% and dysentery for a further 10%. Approximately one-half of the children with persistent diarrhoea were admitted to a hospital in the first two weeks of the episode. Hospital-acquired infections were likely to have contributed to one- to two-thirds of deaths due to dysentery and persistent diarrhoea. A comparison with neighbourhood controls showed that breast milk provided substantial protection against deaths due to either acute or persistent diarrhoea.
在一项基于人群的研究中，对巴西南部阿雷格里港和佩洛塔斯大都市区一年内发生的所有婴儿死亡病例进行了研究。有227名婴儿在致命疾病期间出现腹泻，其中75%的腹泻被认为是死亡的根本原因。急性腹泻（病程<14天）占死亡病例的28%，持续性腹泻占62%，痢疾占10%。约一半持续性腹泻儿童在发病的前两周内住院。医院获得性感染可能导致了三分之一至三分之二因痢疾和持续性腹泻导致的死亡。与社区对照相比，母乳对急性或持续性腹泻导致的死亡提供了实质性的保护。
