Zodpey S P, Deshpande S G, Ughade S N, Hinge A V, Shirikhande S N
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Government Medical College Hospital, Maharashtra State, India.
Public Health. 1998 Jul;112(4):233-6. doi: 10.1016/s0033-3506(98)00238-8.
To identify factors for development of dehydration in under five year olds with acute watery diarrhoea.
Hospital based unmatched case-control study.
Diarrhoea Treatment Unit, Government Medical College Hospital, Nagpur, India.
The study included 387 cases of diarrhoea having severe or moderate dehydration and 387 controls suffering from diarrhea with mild or no dehydration.
The study included infancy, female sex, religion, residing in urban slums or rural area, under nutrition, cessation of breast feeding during diarrhoeal episode, fluid intake decrease/stopped during diarrhoea, ORS not received, home available funds (HAF) not received, both ORS and HAF not received, non-washing of hands by mother before preparation of food, after defaecation, after disposal of faeces, history of measles in the previous six months, frequency of stools > 8/d, frequency of vomiting more than twice per day and temperature more than 99 degrees F, as risk factors for development of dehydration.
Univariate analysis included OR, 95% CI for OR and Chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was carried out by unconditional multiple logistic regression (MLR).
This study identified the significance of infancy, religion, severe undernutrition, non-washing of hands by mother before preparation of food, frequency of stool > 8/d, frequency of vomiting > 2/d, history of measles in previous six months, withdrawal of breast feeding during diarrhoea, withdrawal of fluids during diarrhoea and not giving ORS, HAF or both during diarrhoea, in the outcome of development of moderate or severe dehydration.
Timely intervention in the preventable risk factors included in this study may prevent the development of moderate or severe dehydration in the children suffering form acute watery diarrhoea.
确定五岁以下急性水样腹泻儿童发生脱水的相关因素。
基于医院的非匹配病例对照研究。
印度那格浦尔政府医学院医院腹泻治疗科。
该研究纳入了387例患有严重或中度脱水的腹泻病例以及387例患有轻度脱水或无脱水症状的腹泻对照病例。
该研究将以下因素作为发生脱水的风险因素，包括婴儿期、女性、宗教信仰、居住在城市贫民窟或农村地区、营养不良、腹泻期间停止母乳喂养、腹泻期间液体摄入量减少/停止、未接受口服补液盐（ORS）、未获得家庭可用资金（HAF）、既未接受ORS也未获得HAF、母亲在准备食物前、排便后、处理粪便后未洗手、过去六个月内有麻疹病史、每日排便次数>8次、每日呕吐次数超过两次以及体温超过99华氏度。
单因素分析包括比值比（OR）、OR的95%置信区间（CI）以及卡方检验。多因素分析采用无条件多元逻辑回归（MLR）。
本研究确定了婴儿期、宗教信仰、严重营养不良、母亲在准备食物前未洗手、每日排便次数>8次、每日呕吐次数>2次、过去六个月内有麻疹病史、腹泻期间停止母乳喂养、腹泻期间停止摄入液体以及腹泻期间未给予ORS、HAF或两者，在发生中度或重度脱水方面的影响。
对本研究中包含的可预防风险因素进行及时干预，可能预防患有急性水样腹泻的儿童发生中度或重度脱水。
