Botvin G J, Dusenbury L, Baker E, James-Ortiz S, Botvin E M, Kerner J
Department of Public Health, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.
Health Psychol. 1992;11(5):290-9. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.11.5.290.
We tested the effectiveness of a social resistance/competence enhancement approach to smoking prevention among predominantly Hispanic seventh graders (N = 3,153) from 47 New York City schools. After blocking on school type (public and parochial) and ethnic composition (percent Hispanic), schools were randomly assigned either to receive the 15-session prevention program or to serve as no-contact controls. Using the school as the unit of analysis, significant program effects were found for cigarette smoking, normative expectations concerning peer and adult smoking, smoking prevalence knowledge, social acceptability knowledge, and knowledge of smoking consequences. Using structural modeling techniques, a significant relation was found between the normative expectation and knowledge variables affected by the intervention and posttest smoking, suggesting that changes on these variables mediated the impact of the intervention on cigarette smoking. This study extends the results of previous prevention research and demonstrates the generalizability of this approach to predominantly Hispanic urban minority students.
我们对一种社会抵抗/能力提升方法在预防吸烟方面的有效性进行了测试，该方法针对来自纽约市47所学校的以西班牙裔为主的七年级学生（N = 3153）。在按照学校类型（公立和教会学校）和种族构成（西班牙裔百分比）进行分组后，学校被随机分配，要么接受为期15节的预防课程，要么作为无接触对照组。以学校为分析单位，发现该预防课程在预防吸烟、对同伴和成人吸烟的规范期望、吸烟流行率知识、社会可接受性知识以及吸烟后果知识方面有显著效果。使用结构建模技术，发现干预影响的规范期望和知识变量与测试后吸烟之间存在显著关系，这表明这些变量的变化介导了干预对吸烟的影响。本研究扩展了先前预防研究的结果，并证明了这种方法对以西班牙裔为主的城市少数族裔学生的普遍性。
