Botvin G J, Epstein J A, Schinke S P, Diaz T
Institute for Prevention Research, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1994 Apr;15(2):67-73.
Limited information is available concerning the etiology of smoking among minority youth. We examined predictors of smoking among inner-city African-American and Latino seventh graders (N = 757). Enhanced self-reports of cigarette smoking were collected along with data concerning background, social environmental, and individual characteristics hypothesized to promote smoking. Results indicated that friends and peers were the most important social influences in predicting smoking. Several psychological factors, including feelings of hopelessness, low efficacy in life skills (social skills, communication skills, and refusal skills) and low self-esteem seemed related to increased susceptibility to smoking. We discuss implications of our findings for effective prevention programs for minority youth.
关于少数族裔青少年吸烟的病因，现有信息有限。我们研究了市中心非裔美国人和拉丁裔七年级学生（N = 757）吸烟的预测因素。收集了关于吸烟情况的强化自我报告以及有关背景、社会环境和被认为会促进吸烟的个人特征的数据。结果表明，朋友和同龄人是预测吸烟的最重要社会影响因素。包括绝望感、生活技能（社交技能、沟通技能和拒绝技能）效能低下以及自尊心低在内的几个心理因素似乎与吸烟易感性增加有关。我们讨论了研究结果对针对少数族裔青少年的有效预防计划的意义。
