Vincenzi M, La Vecchia L
Divisione Clinicizzata di Cardiologia, Vicenza.
G Ital Cardiol. 1992 Apr;22(4):427-40.
As a part of the "Hypertension Management Audit Project" a random sample of 4070 subjects was drawn from the population aged 35-64 living in the city of Vicenza, in order to assess the prevalence and the level of control of hypertension in the community. 2854 (70.1%) were screened in the first step of the survey. Two blood pressure (BP) reading, height and weight measurements were performed and a short questionnaire filled in. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were (mean and 95% confidence interval) 143.7 (142.6-144.7) and 88.3 (87.7-88.8) mmHg in males; 137.8 (136.8-138.8) and 84.9 (84.5-85.5) mmHg in females, respectively. The BP value corresponding to the 95 degrees percentile of the cumulative distribution of BP was 180 mmHg for SBP and 105 mmHg for DBP in males; 173 mmHg for SBP and 100 mmHg for DBP in females. Systo-diastolic hypertension was present in 12.3% of the screened population; isolated diastolic hypertension in 9.1%; isolated systolic hypertension in 5.3%; borderline hypertension in 31.6%; severe hypertension (DBP > or = 115 mmHg) was present in 1.9% of females and in 2.2% of males. Prevalence in males was significantly higher with respect to females in all three categories of defined hypertension, but not in borderline hypertension. The second step of the survey involved 849 subjects (29.7% of the screened population) who completed two re-examinations because at the screening they had: 1) history of high BP; 2) BP > or = 160/95 mmHg; 3) ongoing antihypertensive treatment. At the end of the survey, 772 of these subjects (91%) were confirmed as hypertensives (mean BP of six readings > or = 140/90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive drugs). Patients aware of their high BP were 78.8%; aware and treated 51.0%; treated and controlled (BP < 140/90 mmHg) 19.1%. All indices of control were significantly higher in female with respect to male patients. Treated patients were significantly older than untreated patients; treated females had significantly lower BP than treated males, whereas no difference was detected between untreated patients; patients unaware of high BP had the highest BP values if compared to treated and untreated patients. This survey reveals a high prevalence of hypertension in the adult population of the city of Vicenza; quality of control shows a moderate improvement if compared to previous studies carried out in our country.
作为“高血压管理审计项目”的一部分，从维琴察市35 - 64岁的人群中随机抽取了4070名受试者，以评估社区中高血压的患病率和控制水平。在调查的第一步，对2854人（70.1%）进行了筛查。进行了两次血压（BP）测量、身高和体重测量，并填写了一份简短问卷。男性的收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）（均值及95%置信区间）分别为143.7（142.6 - 144.7）mmHg和88.3（87.7 - 88.8）mmHg；女性分别为137.8（136.8 - 138.8）mmHg和84.9（84.5 - 85.5）mmHg。男性BP累积分布第95百分位数对应的BP值，SBP为180 mmHg，DBP为105 mmHg；女性SBP为173 mmHg，DBP为100 mmHg。在筛查人群中，收缩期 - 舒张期高血压占12.3%；单纯舒张期高血压占9.1%；单纯收缩期高血压占5.3%；临界高血压占31.6%；重度高血压（DBP≥115 mmHg）在女性中占1.9%，在男性中占2.2%。在所有三种明确的高血压类型中，男性的患病率显著高于女性，但临界高血压除外。调查的第二步涉及849名受试者（占筛查人群的29.7%），他们因在筛查时具有以下情况而完成了两次复查：1）高血压病史；2）BP≥160/95 mmHg；3）正在接受降压治疗。在调查结束时，这些受试者中有772人（91%）被确认为高血压患者（六次读数的平均BP≥140/90 mmHg和/或正在服用降压药）。知晓自己患有高血压的患者占78.8%；知晓且接受治疗的占51.0%；接受治疗且血压得到控制（BP < 140/90 mmHg）的占19.1%。所有控制指标在女性患者中均显著高于男性患者。接受治疗的患者明显比未接受治疗的患者年龄大；接受治疗的女性血压明显低于接受治疗的男性，而未接受治疗的患者之间未检测到差异；与接受治疗和未接受治疗的患者相比，不知晓自己患有高血压的患者血压值最高。这项调查显示，维琴察市成年人群中高血压患病率很高；与我国此前开展的研究相比，控制质量有适度改善。
