Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in New York State. Risk factors and outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

To identify significant independent risk factors for major percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty outcomes.

DESIGN

Retrospective analysis using univariate and logistic regression analysis to identify significant independent risk factors for adverse outcomes.

SETTING

All 31 hospitals performing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in New York State in 1991.

PATIENTS

All 5827 patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty between January 1, 1991, and June 30, 1991, in New York State.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

In-hospital mortality, major complication(s) (in-hospital mortality, myocardial infarction, and/or emergency coronary artery bypass graft), and absence of angiographic success (stenosis reduction of less than 20% on any attempted lesion or residual stenosis of at least 50% on any attempted lesion).

MAIN RESULTS

Before discharge from the hospital, a total of 37 patients (0.63%) died; 67 patients (1.1%) suffered a myocardial infarction, with a mortality rate of 4.5%; and 97 patients (1.7%) underwent emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery, with a mortality rate of 2.1% (no deaths in 85 patients who were hemodynamically stable and two deaths among 12 patients who were hemodynamically unstable). A total of 187 patients (3.2%) experienced a major complication. Angiographic success was achieved for 88% of all patients. Multivariate analysis found four independent preprocedural variables related to death: female gender, hemodynamic instability, shock, and ejection fraction.

CONCLUSIONS

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty outcomes in New York compare favorably with other recent results reported in the literature. Several preprocedural variables markedly increase the incidence of adverse events.