Bray M V, Weir E C, Brownstein D G, Delano M L
Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
Lab Anim Sci. 1992 Aug;42(4):360-2.
Hematuria in rabbits has been associated with uterine adenocarcinoma, uterine polyps, renal infarction, urolithiasis, cystitis, bladder polyps, and pyelonephritis. Three adult female New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) developed apparent hematuria, as suggested by blood in their excreta pans. They had been immunized with antigen-adjuvant emulsions, but had uneventful clinical histories. Physical examination disclosed no abnormalities, and laboratory tests, including hematology, serum chemistries, urinalyses, urine cultures, ultrasonography, and intravenous pyelography disclosed mild anemia, hematuria, and proteinuria in two of the rabbits. Antibiotic therapy failed to alleviate clinical signs. Two rabbits were euthanized because of persistent urogenital bleeding and the third rabbit underwent exploratory laparotomy and ovariohysterectomy. Multiple endometrial venous aneurysms were present in the uteri of all rabbits and urogenital bleeding was attributed to episodic bleeding from these lesions. Varices and aneurysms of uterine subserosal and myometrial venous plexuses, but not of endometrial vessels in women have been reported. To our knowledge, endometrial venous aneurysms have not been reported in animals previously. Our findings indicate that the differential diagnoses for sporadic apparent hematuria in female rabbits should include endometrial aneurysms.
兔血尿与子宫腺癌、子宫息肉、肾梗死、尿路结石、膀胱炎、膀胱息肉及肾盂肾炎有关。三只成年雌性新西兰白兔（穴兔）出现明显血尿，其排泄物盘中有血液提示了这一点。它们曾用抗原佐剂乳剂进行免疫，但临床病史平稳。体格检查未发现异常，实验室检查，包括血液学、血清化学、尿液分析、尿培养、超声检查及静脉肾盂造影显示，其中两只兔子有轻度贫血、血尿和蛋白尿。抗生素治疗未能缓解临床症状。两只兔子因持续性泌尿生殖道出血而实施安乐死，第三只兔子接受了剖腹探查术和卵巢子宫切除术。所有兔子的子宫内均存在多个子宫内膜静脉瘤，泌尿生殖道出血归因于这些病变的间歇性出血。女性子宫浆膜下和肌层静脉丛的静脉曲张和动脉瘤已有报道，但子宫内膜血管的此类病变未见报道。据我们所知，此前动物中尚未报道过子宫内膜静脉瘤。我们的研究结果表明，雌性兔散发性明显血尿的鉴别诊断应包括子宫内膜瘤。
