Grove K A, Londeree B R
Human Performance Lab, University of Missouri, Columbia 65201.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992 Nov;24(11):1190-4.
This 1 year study examined the effect of high impact and low impact activities on bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) in healthy, sedentary, early postmenopausal women. Fifteen subjects whose postmenopausal status was verified by the blood levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol were chosen. These subjects were tested on the following variables: BMD via dual photon absorptiometry, heart rate response to the Balke treadmill test, percent fat via skinfolds, and a 3-d dietary analysis. Subjects were matched and then assigned randomly to one of three groups: (a) a control nonexercising group, (b) a low impact exercise group, and (c) a high impact exercise group. The control nonexercising group experienced a significant linear decrease in BMD during the study (F = 12.63, P = 0.002). Both the low and high impact exercise groups maintained BMD during the study (F = 0.04, P = 0.85; F = 1.08, P = 0.31, respectively). The difference in BMD between the low impact and the high impact exercise groups was not significant (F = 0.36, P = 0.55). In conclusion, 20 min of moderate intensity low impact or high impact exercise 3 d.wk-1 for 1 yr is effective in maintaining BMD in early postmenopausal women.
这项为期1年的研究，考察了高冲击性活动和低冲击性活动对健康、久坐、绝经早期的女性腰椎（L2 - L4）骨矿物质密度（BMD）的影响。选取了15名绝经状态经促卵泡激素（FSH）和雌二醇血液水平验证的受试者。对这些受试者进行了以下变量的测试：通过双能光子吸收法测定骨矿物质密度、对Balke跑步机测试的心率反应、通过皮褶厚度测定体脂百分比以及进行3天饮食分析。将受试者进行匹配，然后随机分配到三个组中的一组：（a）不运动的对照组，（b）低冲击运动组，（c）高冲击运动组。在研究期间，不运动的对照组骨矿物质密度出现显著线性下降（F = 12.63，P = 0.002）。低冲击运动组和高冲击运动组在研究期间均维持了骨矿物质密度（分别为F = 0.04，P = 0.85；F = 1.08，P = 0.31）。低冲击运动组和高冲击运动组之间的骨矿物质密度差异不显著（F = 0.36，P = 0.55）。总之，每周3天、每次20分钟的中等强度低冲击或高冲击运动，持续1年，对维持绝经早期女性的骨矿物质密度是有效的。
