Dold S, Reitmeir P, Wjst M, von Mutius E
Institut für Toxikologie und Umwelthygiene, München.
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1992 Oct;140(10):763-8.
To explore the risk of parental smoking to the respiratory health of their children data of a cross sectional study on fourth-grade schoolchildren in Munich and Southern Bavaria were analysed.
Allergic and asthmatic diseases and symptoms, risk factors like family history, indoor pollution and parental smoking were evaluated by a questionnaire. Pulmonary function tests were performed in 7284 school children aged (9-11 years). Lung function values were adjusted for height, weight, sex and other confounders.
The children, whose parents smoke at home, had significantly lower levels of peak flow, MEF75, MEF50 and MEF25 compared to children from non-smoking families, with a dose-response relationship. Smoking of more than 20 cigarettes at home is associated with a mean decrease in MEF75 of 5.7%, in MEF50 of 4.9% and in Peak Flow of 4.9% (p < 0.001). The prevalence of cough and wheezing increased with increasing smoking rates of the parents.
Passive exposure to smoke has direct measurable dose-dependent effects on the respiratory system of children.
为探究父母吸烟对其子女呼吸健康的风险，对慕尼黑和巴伐利亚南部四年级学童的横断面研究数据进行了分析。
通过问卷调查评估过敏性和哮喘性疾病及症状、家族史、室内污染和父母吸烟等风险因素。对7284名9至11岁的学童进行了肺功能测试。肺功能值根据身高、体重、性别和其他混杂因素进行了调整。
与来自非吸烟家庭的儿童相比，父母在家吸烟的儿童的呼气峰值流速、最大呼气流量75%、最大呼气流量50%和最大呼气流量25%水平显著较低，且存在剂量反应关系。在家中吸烟超过20支与最大呼气流量75%平均下降5.7%、最大呼气流量50%平均下降4.9%以及呼气峰值流速平均下降4.9%相关（p<0.001）。咳嗽和喘息的患病率随着父母吸烟率的增加而上升。
被动接触烟雾对儿童呼吸系统有直接可测量的剂量依赖性影响。
