Hill D, White V, Marks R, Theobald T, Borland R, Roy C
Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, Carlton South, Australia.
Prev Med. 1992 Sep;21(5):654-69. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(92)90072-p.
To determine the independent contribution of behavioral factors to the occurrence of sunburn, sun protection behavior was assessed over 13 successive summer weekends in a total of 1,655 adults in Melbourne, Australia.
Telephone survey respondents provided detailed accounts of activities engaged in, time spent outside, and hat, clothing, and sunscreen coverage in the 4 hr around the solar midday on both weekend days, as well as skin type, sociodemographic descriptors, and degree of sunburn experienced. Independent measures of atmospheric temperature and ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) were added to individual records.
The (mostly recreational) weekend sunburn in this urban sample was strongly associated with UVR, as expected. Temperature at 3 PM, sensitive skin type, youthfulness, and being male were also independently associated with sunburn. After all other predictors were controlled for, the body exposure index (which took into account time outside and hat, clothing, and sunscreen coverage) made a strong independent contribution to the explanation of sunburn (P < 0.001).
It was concluded that behavior change strategies to prevent malignant melanoma of the skin are warranted.
为确定行为因素对晒伤发生的独立影响，在澳大利亚墨尔本，对1655名成年人连续13个夏季周末的防晒行为进行了评估。
电话调查的受访者详细描述了周末两天在中午前后4小时内所从事的活动、户外活动时间、帽子、衣物和防晒霜的使用情况，以及皮肤类型、社会人口统计学特征和晒伤程度。个体记录中加入了大气温度和环境紫外线辐射（UVR）的独立测量值。
正如预期的那样，该城市样本中（主要是娱乐性的）周末晒伤与UVR密切相关。下午3点的温度、敏感性皮肤类型、年轻以及男性也与晒伤独立相关。在控制了所有其他预测因素后，身体暴露指数（该指数考虑了户外活动时间以及帽子、衣物和防晒霜的使用情况）对晒伤的解释有很强的独立贡献（P < 0.001）。
得出结论，有必要采取行为改变策略来预防皮肤恶性黑色素瘤。
