Rogers G W, Dobbs B R, Fraser R
Department of Pathology, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Liver. 1992 Oct;12(5):326-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0676.1992.tb00581.x.
The fenestrated endothelium of the liver sinusoids forms a sieve between the circulation and hepatocytes. Fenestrae selectively permit the entrance of relatively small chylomicron remnants into the space of Disse to contact hepatocyte receptors, but obstruct the passage of the larger parent chylomicrons. Much of dietary cholesterol and most of retinol are transported as esters in the core of chylomicrons. In the dimethyl nitrosamine rat model of cirrhosis, we have described a rapid reduction in size and number of fenestrae well before the onset of cirrhosis. Concurrent with this decreased porosity is a decreased trapping of radio-labelled dietary cholesterol and retinol by these livers. We postulate that the less porous "liver sieve" hinders the hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants, with consequent disturbance of cholesterol and retinol metabolism.
肝血窦的有窗内皮在循环系统和肝细胞之间形成了一个筛子。窗孔选择性地允许相对较小的乳糜微粒残粒进入狄氏间隙以接触肝细胞受体，但会阻碍较大的原始乳糜微粒通过。大部分膳食胆固醇和大部分视黄醇以酯的形式在乳糜微粒的核心中运输。在二甲基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠肝硬化模型中，我们发现在肝硬化发生之前，窗孔的大小和数量就迅速减少。伴随着孔隙率的降低，这些肝脏对放射性标记的膳食胆固醇和视黄醇的捕获也减少。我们推测，孔隙率较低的“肝脏筛子”会阻碍肝脏对乳糜微粒残粒的摄取，从而导致胆固醇和视黄醇代谢紊乱。
