Carlsson Sofia, Hammar Niklas, Grill Valdemar, Kaprio Jaakko
Division of Epidemiology, Stockholm Centre of Public Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Diabetes Care. 2003 Oct;26(10):2785-90. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.10.2785.
The aim of this study was to investigate alcohol consumption in relation to the incidence of type 2 diabetes.
The study population consisted of 22778 twins of the Finnish Twin Cohort. This cohort was compiled in 1975 and includes all same-sexed twins born in Finland before 1958. Information on alcohol, smoking, diet, physical activity, medical, and social conditions was obtained by questionnaires administered in 1975, 1981, and 1990. By record linkage to national registers of hospital discharge and prescribed medication, 580 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were identified during 20 years of follow-up.
Moderate alcohol consumption (5-29.9 g/day in men and 5-19.9 g/day in women) tended to be associated with a reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes compared with low consumption (<5 g/day). The estimates were lower in overweight (BMI >or=25.0 kg/m(2)) subjects (relative risk 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-1.0 [men]; 0.6, 0.3-1.1 [women]). High alcohol consumption (>or=20 g/day) was associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes in lean women (2.9, 1.1-7.5) but not in overweight women or in men. In women, binge drinking was associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes (2.1, 1.0-4.4). Analyses of alcohol-discordant twin pairs supported a reduced risk in moderate consuming twins compared with their low-consuming cotwins (odds ratio 0.5, 95% CI 0.2-1.5).
The results of this study suggested that moderate alcohol consumption may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. On the other hand, binge drinking and high alcohol consumption may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in women.
本研究旨在调查饮酒与2型糖尿病发病率之间的关系。
研究人群包括芬兰双胞胎队列中的22778对双胞胎。该队列于1975年组建，涵盖了1958年以前在芬兰出生的所有同性双胞胎。通过1975年、1981年和1990年发放的问卷获取了有关饮酒、吸烟、饮食、身体活动、医疗和社会状况的信息。通过与国家医院出院登记册和处方药登记册进行记录链接，在20年的随访期间确定了580例2型糖尿病新发病例。
与低饮酒量（<5克/天）相比，适度饮酒（男性为5 - 29.9克/天，女性为5 - 19.9克/天）往往与2型糖尿病发病率降低相关。超重（BMI≥25.0千克/米²）受试者的估计值较低（相对风险0.7，95%可信区间0.5 - 1.0[男性]；0.6，0.3 - 1.1[女性]）。高饮酒量（≥20克/天）与瘦女性2型糖尿病发病率增加相关（2.9，1.1 - 7.5），但在超重女性或男性中并非如此。在女性中，暴饮与2型糖尿病发病率增加相关（2.1，1.0 - 4.4）。对饮酒情况不一致的双胞胎对进行分析表明，与低饮酒的同卵双胞胎相比，适度饮酒的双胞胎风险降低（优势比0.5，95%可信区间0.2 - 1.5）。
本研究结果表明，适度饮酒可能降低2型糖尿病风险。另一方面，暴饮和高饮酒量可能增加女性患2型糖尿病的风险。
