Sam Susan, Dunaif Andrea
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Oct;14(8):365-70. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2003.08.002.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is now recognized as an important metabolic and reproductive disorder. It is associated with substantial defects in insulin action and secretion that confer a markedly increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance modifies reproductive function both by the direct actions of insulin on steroidogenesis and by disruption of insulin signaling pathways in the central nervous system. These insights have led to a new therapy for PCOS with insulin-sensitizing agents. Hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance cluster in PCOS families, consistent with a genetic susceptibility to these abnormalities. There is evidence for both linkage and association of the hyperandrogenemia phenotype with an allele of a marker locus on chromosome 19, in the region of the gene encoding the insulin receptor.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）目前被认为是一种重要的代谢和生殖紊乱疾病。它与胰岛素作用和分泌的严重缺陷相关，这使得患2型糖尿病的风险显著增加。胰岛素抵抗通过胰岛素对类固醇生成的直接作用以及中枢神经系统中胰岛素信号通路的破坏来改变生殖功能。这些见解催生了一种使用胰岛素增敏剂治疗PCOS的新方法。高雄激素血症和胰岛素抵抗在PCOS家族中聚集，这与对这些异常情况的遗传易感性一致。有证据表明，高雄激素血症表型与19号染色体上一个标记位点的等位基因存在连锁和关联，该标记位点位于编码胰岛素受体的基因区域。
