Marshall John, Botes Jeannie, Gorrie Glenda, Boardman Claire, Gregory Joy, Griffith Julia, Hogg Geoffrey, Dimitriadis Anna, Catton Michael, Bishop Ruth
Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, 10 Wreckyn Street, North Melbourne, Vic 3051, Australia.
J Clin Virol. 2003 Dec;28(3):331-40. doi: 10.1016/s1386-6532(03)00081-7.
Although rotavirus is a major cause of gastroenteritis in children, its role in adult gastroenteritis and the sensitivity of different methods for its detection in specimens collected from adults are less well understood.
(1) To examine the frequency and seasonality of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis outbreaks in aged-care facilities in Victoria, Australia. (2) To determine rotavirus type in these outbreaks. (3) To determine whether other enteropathogenic agents are present in specimens from these outbreaks. (4) To examine the sensitivity of different methods (electron microscopy (EM), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and latex agglutination (LA)) for the detection of rotavirus in specimens from adults.
Specimens from gastroenteritis outbreaks in aged-care facilities forwarded to this laboratory for the years 1997-2000 were tested for enteropathogenic agents by various methods. Epidemiological, clinical and seasonal data from the rotavirus-positive outbreaks were analysed.
Rotavirus was detected by EM in 18 out of 29 individuals associated with seven out of 53 (13%) gastroenteritis outbreaks in aged-care facilities; norovirus was detected in 22 outbreaks (42%) and astrovirus in one outbreak (2%). No mixed viral infection was found in any outbreak. All rotaviruses were typed as Group A by RT-PCR. The rotaviruses in the seven outbreaks were G-typed as follows: G2 (three outbreaks), G4 (two outbreaks), G1 (one outbreak) and G9 (one outbreak). The rotavirus-associated outbreaks were concentrated in mid-winter to mid-spring. The relative sensitivities of the Group A rotavirus detection methods (for the 29 specimens tested) were EM (18), first-round RT-PCR (11), second-round PCR (19), EIA-visual (19), EIA-photometric (19) and LA (13).
In Victoria, Australia, outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with rotavirus are quite common in aged-care facilities. They involve Group A rotavirus and have a winter/spring seasonality. G-types G1, G2, G4 and G9 were all detected. EIA, second-round PCR and EM proved sensitive methods for rotavirus detection whereas first-round RT-PCR and LA did not.
尽管轮状病毒是儿童肠胃炎的主要病因，但其在成人肠胃炎中的作用以及不同检测方法对从成人采集的标本中轮状病毒的检测灵敏度尚不清楚。
（1）研究澳大利亚维多利亚州老年护理机构中轮状病毒相关肠胃炎暴发的频率和季节性。（2）确定这些暴发中轮状病毒的类型。（3）确定这些暴发的标本中是否存在其他肠道病原体。（4）检验不同方法（电子显微镜检查（EM）、逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、酶免疫测定（EIA）和乳胶凝集试验（LA））对检测成人标本中轮状病毒的灵敏度。
1997 - 2000年转发至本实验室的老年护理机构肠胃炎暴发的标本，采用多种方法检测肠道病原体。分析轮状病毒阳性暴发的流行病学、临床和季节性数据。
在老年护理机构53起（13%）肠胃炎暴发中的7起所涉及的29人中，通过电子显微镜检查检测到18人感染轮状病毒；22起（42%）检测到诺如病毒，1起（2%）检测到星状病毒。所有暴发均未发现混合病毒感染。通过RT-PCR将所有轮状病毒分型为A组。7起暴发中的轮状病毒G分型如下：G2（3起）、G4（2起）、G1（1起）和G9（1起）。轮状病毒相关暴发集中在冬中期至春中期。A组轮状病毒检测方法（针对检测的29个标本）的相对灵敏度为：电子显微镜检查（18）、第一轮RT-PCR（11）、第二轮PCR（19）、EIA-目视法（19）、EIA-光度法（19）和乳胶凝集试验（13）。
在澳大利亚维多利亚州，老年护理机构中与轮状病毒相关的肠胃炎暴发相当常见。这些暴发涉及A组轮状病毒，具有冬/春季节性。检测到G1、G2、G4和G9型。EIA、第二轮PCR和电子显微镜检查被证明是检测轮状病毒的灵敏方法，而第一轮RT-PCR和乳胶凝集试验则不然。
