Spann Kirsten M, McCulloch Russell J, Cowley Jeff A, East Iain J, Walker Peter J
Cooperative Research Centre for Aquaculture, CSIRO Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2003 Aug 15;56(1):1-10. doi: 10.3354/dao056001.
Chronic and acute gill-associated virus (GAV) infections were examined by in situ hybridization (ISH) using a DNA probe targeting a 779 nucleotide region of the ORF1b-gene. Chronic GAV infections were observed in healthy Penaeus monodon collected from farms and healthy P. esculentus surviving experimental infection. During chronic-phase infections in both species, GAV was detected only in partitioned foci of cells with hypertrophied nuclei (spheroids) within the lymphoid organ. Acute-phase infections were observed in moribund P. monodon and P. esculentus infected experimentally with a high dose of GAV, and in moribund P. monodon collected from farms during outbreaks of disease. During acute experimental infections in P. monodon, ISH detected GAV throughout the lymphoid organ, in gills and in connective tissues throughout the cephalothorax. In moribund P. monodon collected from natural outbreaks of disease, GAV was also detected in the gills and in connective tissues of the cephalothorax, but the distribution of virus within the lymphoid organ varied. In acutely infected P. esculentus, GAV was detected in connective tissues, but was restricted to the inner stromal matrix cells and endothelial cells of intact lymphoid organ tubules. The tissue distribution of GAV identified by ISH suggests that shrimp are able to control and maintain chronic asymptomatic infection by a process involving lymphoid organ spheroids. Acute phase infections and the development of disease appear to be dose-related and involve the systemic distribution of virus in connective tissues throughout the cephalothorax.
采用针对ORF1b基因779个核苷酸区域的DNA探针，通过原位杂交（ISH）检测慢性和急性鳃相关病毒（GAV）感染情况。在从养殖场采集的健康斑节对虾以及经实验感染后存活的健康凡纳滨对虾中观察到慢性GAV感染。在这两个物种的慢性感染阶段，仅在淋巴器官内细胞核肥大的细胞分区病灶（球状体）中检测到GAV。在经高剂量GAV实验感染的濒死斑节对虾和凡纳滨对虾中，以及在疾病暴发期间从养殖场采集的濒死斑节对虾中观察到急性期感染。在斑节对虾的急性实验感染期间，ISH在整个淋巴器官、鳃以及头胸部的结缔组织中检测到GAV。在从自然疾病暴发中采集的濒死斑节对虾中，也在鳃和头胸部的结缔组织中检测到GAV，但病毒在淋巴器官内的分布有所不同。在急性感染的凡纳滨对虾中，在结缔组织中检测到GAV，但仅限于完整淋巴器官小管的内部基质细胞和内皮细胞。ISH确定的GAV组织分布表明，对虾能够通过涉及淋巴器官球状体的过程控制并维持慢性无症状感染。急性期感染和疾病的发展似乎与剂量相关，并且涉及病毒在整个头胸部结缔组织中的全身分布。
