Craddick Shirley R, Elmer Patricia J, Obarzanek Eva, Vollmer William M, Svetkey Laura P, Swain Martha C
Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, 3800 North Interstate, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2003 Nov;5(6):484-91. doi: 10.1007/s11883-003-0039-5.
High blood pressure (also called hypertension) is one of the most important and common risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases. National guidelines recommend that all individuals with blood pressure readings of 120/80 mm Hg or higher adopt healthy lifestyle habits, including the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, to manage their blood pressure. The DASH diet, which is high in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products and reduced in fat, has been shown in large, randomized, controlled trials to reduce blood pressure significantly. The DASH diet also has been shown to reduce blood cholesterol and homocysteine levels and to enhance the benefits of antihypertensive drug therapy. The DASH diet should be promoted, along with maintaining healthy weight, reducing sodium intake, increasing regular physical activity, and limiting alcohol intake, for lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of CVD.
高血压（也称为动脉高血压）是动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（CVD）和其他慢性病最重要且最常见的危险因素之一。国家指南建议，所有血压读数为120/80毫米汞柱或更高的个体应养成健康的生活方式习惯，包括采用终止高血压饮食疗法（DASH饮食）来控制血压。DASH饮食富含水果、蔬菜和低脂乳制品且脂肪含量较低，大型随机对照试验表明，该饮食可显著降低血压。DASH饮食还被证明可降低血液胆固醇和同型半胱氨酸水平，并增强抗高血压药物治疗的效果。应推广DASH饮食，同时保持健康体重、减少钠摄入、增加规律体育活动并限制酒精摄入，以降低血压和降低CVD风险。
