Rosini Nilton, Mousse Donaida, Spada Celso, Treitinger Arício
Clinical Analyses Department, Health Sciences Center, Santa Catarina Federal University, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Braz J Infect Dis. 2003 Aug;7(4):262-7. doi: 10.1590/s1413-86702003000400006.
The prevalence of infection by the hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses varies among geographical regions. We evaluated 263,795 blood donor samples collected from 1999-2001 in various cities in the state of Santa Catarina to determine the prevalence of HbsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HCV markers. The markers were analyzed by immunoenzymatic tests, as determined by the Ministry of Health, and the data were obtained from blood banks and from ANVISA (the Brazilian National Agency for Sanitary Vigilance). There was a significant reduction in the mean frequency of HbsAg and anti-HBc during the study period, from 0.98% to 0.64% and from 8.83% to 5.35%, respectively, though they varied considerably among the different regions. There was also a decrease in the mean frequency of anti-HCV, although it was not significant, decreasing from 0.38% to 0.34%. Even with this reduction, the frequency of these markers was still high compared with that found in other countries, indicating high rates of infection by hepatitis B and C viruses. This emphasizes the urgency of vaccination programs against HBV, especially in some regions of Santa Catarina state, in order to reduce the prevalence of this infection and consequently reduce the risk of transmission through sexual relations or from the donation of blood and/or hemocomponents.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的流行率在不同地理区域有所差异。我们评估了1999年至2001年期间在圣卡塔琳娜州各城市采集的263,795份献血者样本，以确定乙肝表面抗原（HbsAg）、乙肝核心抗体（anti-HBc）和丙肝抗体（anti-HCV）标志物的流行率。这些标志物通过卫生部规定的免疫酶法检测进行分析，数据来自血库和巴西国家卫生监督局（ANVISA）。在研究期间，HbsAg和anti-HBc的平均频率显著降低，分别从0.98%降至0.64%，从8.83%降至5.35%，尽管它们在不同地区差异很大。anti-HCV的平均频率也有所下降，虽然不显著，从0.38%降至0.34%。即使有这种下降，与其他国家相比，这些标志物的频率仍然很高，表明乙型和丙型肝炎病毒的感染率很高。这突出了针对HBV的疫苗接种计划的紧迫性，特别是在圣卡塔琳娜州的一些地区，以降低这种感染的流行率，并因此降低通过性关系或献血和/或血液成分传播的风险。
